SHRUBS AND SUBSHRUBS. 
N gardens of any pretensions Shrubs are indispensable, both for indoor and for 
| outdoor cultivation. A Shrubbery is now generally considered a necessary item 
in any large establishment, and the best subjects, both evergreen and deciduous, may bo 
chosen by means of the following lists. The height attained by the various species is in 
most cases appended to the description, the figures denoting feet: this should be found 
of much service to persons desirous of making a selection of Shrubs for massing, or for 
growing as isolated specimens on lawns, &c. By means of this information, suitable 
plants can also be chosen to serve as a background to herbaceous borders, and for 
similar purposes. 
A good list of tender evergreens is given, and will be found useful when selecting 
plants for the winter decoration of Conservatories and other Glass-houses. 
For borders, some of the dwarf-growing, hardy evergreens here enumerated are especially 
desirable in winter, as in such positions there are then very few herbaceous subjects 
showing signs of growth, with the exception of bulbous plants such as Crocus, 
Galanthus, Xe. 
The lists of Deciduous and Evergreen Climbers will be of service where it is desired 
to cover walls or dead tree-trunks, or to form arbours, screens, &c.; and the Trailers 
may prove of use for planting in Rockeries, or for interspersing with erect-growing 
subjects in Shrubberies, &e. 
For full information as to the general treatment of Shrubs, the reader is referred 
to the article “Shrubs and Shrubberies” in Vol. III. 
The following are the abbreviations employed :— 
aq, aquatic; b, blue; bk, black; br, brown; c, cream; c-h, cool-house; fl, flowers; fol, foliage; fr, fruit; g, green; 
gl, glaucous; gy, grey; i-h, intermediate-house; J, lilac; m, magenta; mv, mauve; 0, orange; p, purple; 
pi, pink; r, red; s-aq, semi-aquatic; sc, scented; si, silvery; st, stove; v, violet; w, white; y, yellow. 
Where not otherwise specified, the leaves are green, Plants of a sub-shrubby nature 
are here indicated by an asterisk. 
Vol. IV. 3E 
