AN INDEX TO ANIMALS BENEFICIAL OR 
INJURIOUS TO HORTICULTURE. 
ULL lists of the Insects and other Animals of special interest to horticulturists are 
a subjoined, the useful species being given in one list and the injurious in another. © In 
order to facilitate reference to any species, the heading is given in heavy type under which 
the information concerning it is chiefly to be found. In the case of certain species, how- 
ever, that injure many kinds of plants without being specially restricted to any (e.g., Cock- 
chafers, Mole Crickets, Wireworms), it has not been found possible to give complete lists of 
references, and for these animals, therefore, only the most important headings have been 
mentioned, 
Every effort has been made to render the information given in the Dictionary oF 
GARDENING upon this very important department of horticulture a reliable statement of 
all that is known with regard to the friends and foes of the gardener and farmer in the 
British Isles, and of the most effectual methods of detecting the presence and checking 
the ravages of harmful species. To do this more thoroughly foreign species have been 
But 
even should in the future some foes not described in this work prove hurtful, the means 
described where there seems reason to believe that they may yet be found in Britain. 
recommended under the headings in this list will be found beneficial against them also. 
J. W. H. Tram, 
USEFUL. 
Apis mellifica. Honey Bee; Wasps. 
Bombus lucorum, B. terrestris. Humble Bee. 
Bufo vulgaris. Toad. 
Carabus (Ground Beetles). Insects. 
Chalecidide. Hymenoptera; Insects. 
Chrysopa vulgaris (Golden-eyed Fly). Lacewing Fly. 
Cicindela (Tiger Beetle). Insects. 
Coccinella bipunctata (Two-spotted Ladybird), C. septem- 
punctata (Seven-spotted Ladybird), C. undecem- 
punctata (Eleven-spotted Ladybird), C. variabilis 
(Variable Ladybird). Ladybirds. 
Copris lunaris. Unicorn Beetle. 
Drilus. Snails. 
Epeira diademata (Garden Spider). Spiders. 
Useful—continued. 
Goerius olens (Devil’s Coach Horse). 
Harpalus (Ground Beetle). Insects. 
Hemerobius. Lacewing Flies. 
Hypena proboscidalis. Snout Moths. 
Ichneumonidw. Ichneumon Flies. 
Lampyris noctiluca (Glow-worm). Insects (COLEOPTERA), 
Linyvhia. Spiders. 
Lumbricus (Earthworm). Worms. 
Lycosa (Hunting Spider). Spiders. 
Macroglossa stellatarum (Humming Bird Hawk Moth). 
Microgaster. 
Mustela vulgaris. Weasel. 
Myriapoda (Centipedes). 
Neriene. Spiders. 
Staphylinide. 
