520 
COSTUS. All the species of this genus are tropical ; 
they are found in America, Africa, Asia, and Australia. 
To those described on p. 387, Vol. I., the following should 
now be added: 
C. musaicus (mosaic-marked), J. obliquely-lanceolate, 3in. to 
4in. long, the centre dark green, the rest tessellated with silvery 
grey. Congo, 1887. 
COTONEASTER. ‘This genus comprises about 
fifteen species, natives of Europe, North Africa, Central and 
West Asia, Siberia, the mountains of the East Indies, and 
Mexico. ‘To those described on p. 387, Vol. I., the following 
should now be added : 
C. Fontanesii (Desfontaines’). .. white, disposed in small 
corymbs. jr. bright coral-red, large, round. Jl, oval-elliptic, 
greyish-green and glabrous above, silvery-silky beneath. 
Branches pubescent. 1886, This makes a round, compact bush 
about 3ft. high. (R. H. 1867, p. 33.) 
COTYLEDON. According to Bentham and Hooker, 
this genus comprises about sixty species, natives of West 
and South Europe, Africa, East Asia, the Himalayas, and 
Mexico. To those described on pp. 388-90, Vol. I., the 
following should now be added: 
C. edulis (edible). #1. white, Sedum-like, six to seven lines in 
diameter, shortly pedicellate, arranged along the upper side of 
the flexuose, spreading branches of the cymose panicles. 
1. nearly terete or obtusely trigonal, erect, whitish or glaucous- 
green, but without mealiness. Stems very short, thick. Cali- 
fornia (on dry banks near the sea in San Diego), 1883. The young 
leaves are eaten by the Indians. Syn. Sedwm edulis. 
CRASSULA. Leaves opposite, rarely petiolate, often 
connate, fleshy, entire and cartilaginous-margined, glabrous, 
pubescent, or scaly. To the species described on pp. 391-2, 
Vol. I., the following should now be added: 
Cc. impressa (marked). fl. disposed in loose, dichotomously- 
branched corymbs ; petals white at base, red above, free, elliptic- 
oblong; peduncles and pedicels glabrous. J/., radical ones 
crowded, somewhat rosulate, oblong, linear-lanceolate, or nearly 
linear; cauline ones linear, opposite; all succulent, glabrous, and, 
as well as the stems, more or less suffused with purple. Stems 
tufted, 2in. to 3sin. long. 1886. Syn. C. Schmidti (R. G. 1225). 
C. rhomboidea (rhomboid). fl. pale flesh-coloured ; cymes short- 
stalked, terminal, few-flowered, jin. to lin. across. Jl. rhom- 
boidal, hunched above the middle, sub-acute, jin. to din. thick, 
glaucous, dotted. h. 2in. to d3in. Transvaal, 1886. Plant 
glabrous. Of botanical interest. 
Cc. Schmidti (Schmidt's), A synonym of C. impressa. 
CRATZ:GUS. To the species and varieties described 
on pp. 393-4, Vol. I., the following should now be added: 
c. Bruanti (Bruant’s). 
Jlorens. 
Cc. Carriérei (Carritre’s), fl. at first 
becoming flesh-coloured. Spring. fr. bright red, resembling 
cherries, persistent throughout the winter. 1883. A handsome 
tree, of garden origin. (R. H. 1833, 108.) C. Lavalléi is very 
similar to, if not identical with, C. Carriere. 
C. Lavalléi (Lavalle’s). See C. Carriérei. 
Cc. Oxyacantha foliis-tricoloribus (three-coloured-leaved), 
l, variegated with different shades of dark red, carmine, and 
rose. 1886. An ornamental, garden variety. 
Cc. O. semperflorens (ever-flowering).* A useful, garden variety, 
flowering throughout the summer: towards autumn, plants may 
be seen with nearly ripe fruit, green fruit, and open flowers at the 
same time. Syn. C. Bruanti. 
Cc. pinnatifida (pinnatifid), 7. white, in erect, somewhat pointed 
corymbs; peduncles and base of calyx sparingly beset with 
shaggy hairs. /. broadly oval, divided on each side into from two 
to four long, pointed, toothed lobes, glabrous above, hairy on the 
nerves beneath. A tall, thorny bush. The earliest of all the 
Thorns to come into leaf. (R. G. 366.) 
Cc. p. major (greater).* . white, large, corymbose. jr. bright 
red, pear-shaped, jin. in diameter. /. long-stalked, lobed, and 
pinnatitid. North China, 1886. An ornamental form. (G. CG. 
Nn. S., XXVi., p. 621.) 
Cc. Pyracantha Lelandi (Leland’s).* /r. bright orange-scarlet, 
produced when the plant is but a few inches in height. 1888. 
CRINUM. Of this genus seventy-nine species are 
described by Baker, in his “ Handbook of the Amaryl- 
lidew”’; they are broadly dispersed over the tropical and 
sub-tropical regions of the globe. Flowers numerous in 
an umbel, large, sessile or shortly pedicellate; stamens 
affixed to the throat. Leaves often numerous, long, 
narrow or rather broad. To the species described on 
A synonym of C. Oxyacantha semper- 
white, subsequently 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING. 
Crinum— continued. 
pp. 396-7, Vol. I., the following should now be added. 
Except where otherwise stated, stove treatment is re- 
quired : 
Cc. amabile augustum (august). A synonym of C. augustum. 
C.angustifolium blandum (charming). /., perianth segments 
broader than in the type; filaments whitish. J. also broader. 
Syn, C. blandwm (B. M. 2531). 
C. a. confertum (clustered). jl. sessile ; perianth segments 4in. 
long, a little exceeding the tube. 
C. anomalum (anomalous). A form of C, asiaticum. 
Cc. blandum (charming). A variety of C. angustifolium. 
Cc. Broussonetii (Broussonet’s). A synonym of C. yucceefolium. 
C. Colensoi (Colenso’s). A garden synonym of C. Moorei. 
Cc. confertum (clustered). <A variety of C. angustifoliwm. 
Cc. crassipes (thick-stalked). /l. fifteen to twenty in an umbel; 
perianth tube green, curved, din. long, the limb sub-erect, 2}in. 
long, the segments white, Jin. broad, with a pink keel; pedicels 
lin. to 1jin. long; peduncle compressed, less than lft. long, fin. 
thick. July. Jl. lorate, bright green, sub-erect, 4in. broad. 
Bulb very large, conical. Tropical or sub-tropical Africa (7), 
1887. Stove or intermediate. 
Cc. cruentum Loddigesii (Loddiges’). j., perianth segments 
tipped dark purple; pedicels as long as the ovary. 
Cc. declinatum (declinate). A form of C. asiaticwm. 
C. distichum (two-ranked). jl. usually solitary, sessile ; perianth 
tube curved, Sin. to 6in. long, the limb horizontal, about 4in. 
long, the segments keeled bright red, oblong, acute, connivent, 
lin. broad; stamens and style nearly reaching the tips of 
the segments; peduncle about lft. long. June. J. about ten, 
distichous, linear, firm, channelled down the face, tapering, 
lft. long. Bulb small, globose. Sierra Leone. SyN. Amaryllis 
ornata (B. M. 1253). 
C. elegans (elegant). A variety of C. pratense. 
Cc. ensifolium (ensate-leaved). A variety of C. defixwm. 
C, flaccidum (flaccid). #1. six to eight in an umbel ; perianth tube 
din. to 4in. long, usually curved, the segments pure white, oblong- 
lanceolate, about as long as the tube, jin. broad, acute ; stamens 
much shorter than the segments; pedicels lin. to ljin. long; 
peduncle 14ft. to 2ft. long, much compressed. July. 1. linear, 
lift. to 2ft. long, lin. to 1Jin. broad. Bulb ovoid, din. to 4in. in 
diameter, with a very short neck. New South Wales and South 
Australia. Greenhouse. (B. M. 2133.) Syn. Amaryllis austra- 
lasica (B. R. 426). 
Cc. Hildebrandtii (Hildebrant’s). j., perianth pure white, 
erect; tube 6in. to 7in. long ; limb segments horizontally spread- 
ing, Zin. to 3in. long, less than tin. broad; umbel six to ten- 
flowered ; peduncle ancipitous, about lft. long. Winter. J. eight 
or ten, contemporary with the flowers, lanceolate, firm, 14ft. to 
2ft. long. Bulb 2in. to din. in diameter; neck 6in. long. Comoro 
Islands. (B. M. 6709; I. H. 1886, 115.) 
C. humile (dwarf). /. six to nine in an umbel, cernuous in bud ; 
perianth tube greenish, 3in. long, the segments white, linear- 
lanceolate, spreading, 2in. long, 4in. broad ; filaments bright red, 
rather longer than the perianth segments ; pedicels short ; 
peduncle slender, lft. long. October. J, linear, 1ft. long, 
spreading, sub-acute, thicker than in C. amenwm, pitted over the 
face. Bulb small, globose, greenish, with a very short neck. 
Tropical Asia, 1826. (B. M. 2636.) 
C, insigne (remarkable). A slight variety of C. latifolium. 
Cc. leucophyllum (white-leaved). /l. pinkish, fragrant, forty or 
fifty in a dense, centripetal umbel; perianth tube cylindrical, 
Zin. long, the segments linear, spreading, rather shorter than 
those of the tube; scape springing from below the leaves, 1ft. 
long. August. J., produced ones about twelve or fourteen, 
arranged in a distichous column about 1ft. long, lanceolate, 1}ft. 
to 2ft. long, Sin. to 6in. broad, whitish-green, denticulate. 
ae nearly 6in. in diameter. Damara-land, 1880. (B. M. 
6783.) 
C. lineare (linear). jl. five or six in an umbel; perianth tube 
slender, curved, liin. to 2sin. long, the segments tinged red 
outside, oblanceolate, acute, 2in. to din. long, 4in. to 4in. broad ; 
pedicels jin. to jin. long ; peduncle slender, sub-terete, 1ft. long. 
September. J. linear, 14ft. to 2ft. long, 4in. broad, glaucous- 
green, channelled down the face. Bulb small, ovoid. Cape 
Colony. SYNS. Amaryllis revoluta (B. M. 915), A. r. gracilior 
(B. M. 623). 
C. Loddigesii (Loddiges'). A variety of C. cruentwn. 
C. longifolium Farinianum (Farini’s). jl. five or six in an 
umbel; perianth tube greenish, 3sin. to 4in. long, the segments 
pink, connivent in a narrow funnel, din. long; scape 2ft. high. 
l. ensiform, 3ft. to 4ft. long, acuminate, glaucescent, entire. 
ou 2hin, to din. in diameter, narrowed into a neck 6in, long. 
1887. 
C. Mackenii (Macken’s). A garden synonym of C, Mooret. 
C. Massaiana (Duc de Massa’s). fl. white, each perianth 
segment having a central stripe of dull rose-colour. 1887. (I. H. 
