An Encyclopedia of Horticulture. 



239 



Fsidium. — continued. 

 to whicli a small quantity of leaf mould and dried eow- 

 dung should bo added ; the drainage must be perfect. 

 Propagated by cuttings of the young shoots, getting a 

 little firm at their base, inserted in sand, under a bell 

 glass, in bottom heat. The following species are occa- 

 sionally seen in cultivation : 



P. aromatlcnm (aromatic), n. white, solitary. July. /)■. yellow, 

 glolinsf, four-celled, lianlly the size of a cherry. (. oblong, acu- 

 niiiiateil, glahrous. Branchlets tetragonal, h. bit. to 8ft. Guiana 

 ana Cayenne, 1779. Shrub. 

 P. Cattleyanum (Cattley's).* /. white ; pedicels opposite, 

 one-flowered, hardly equal in length to the petioles. May. 

 ,/V. of a fine deep claret-colour, rather large, nearly spherical, 

 growing in the axils of the leaves ; the skin has nuich the con- 

 sistence of that of a fig, but is thinner ; tlie interior is a 

 soft, fleshy pnlp, purplish-red next the skin, but becoming 

 paler towards the middle, and at the centre is quite white ; it 

 is juicy, and in consistence is much like a strawberry, to which 

 it bears some resemblance in flavour. I. obovate, coriaceous, 

 quite glabrous. Branchlets terete, glabrous. /;. 10ft. to 20ft. 

 Brazil, 1818. Shrub. See Fig. 304. (B. M. 2501 ; B. R. 622.) 

 P. cordatum (heart-shaped). /. white ; peduncles one or few- 

 flowered ; anthers roundish. May to July. I. ovate or oval, 

 rounded at both ends or cordate at base, sessile or shortly petioled, 

 the veins obsolete or inconspicuous. Branches compressed- 

 cylindrical, h. 5ft. West Indies, 1811. Shrub. (B. M. 1779.) 

 P, Guava (Guava). yf. white ; peduncles three to eight, or many- 

 flowered, downy. June. />. yellow, globose, somewhat astrin- 

 gent, with an agreeable odour. I. oval or oblong, elliptic, puberu- 

 lous beneath. Branches tetragonal. A. 6ft. to l5ft. West Indies, 

 &c., 1692. A low tree. Sy.n. P, pomifentm. 

 P, polycarpum (many-fruited). Jl. white ; calyx closed in the 

 bud ; anthers oblong ; peduncles usually three-flowered. May, 

 I. chartaceous, elliptical or oval-oblong, puberulous beneath ; 



firimary veins costate, prominent beneath ; secondary ones reticu- 

 ated and transverse. Branchlets compressed-cylindrical, pubes- 

 cent, h. 3ft. Trinidad, 1810. Shrub. (B. R. 653.) 

 P. pomiferum (Apple-bearing). A synonym of /*. Guana. 

 P. pyrlferum (Pear-bearing). Common Guava. ,fl. white, soli- 

 tary. June. /i\ yellowish when ripe, pear-shaped ; pulp sweet, 

 aromatic, and pleasant. This low tree is simply a form of 

 J'. Guam. (B. K. 1079.) 



FSILA BOS.3:. See Carrot Crrubs. 



FSILODOCHEA. Included under Angiopieiis. 



PSIIiOGTUE. A synonym of Vitex (which see). 



FSILONEMA. Included under AUjssum. 



FSIIiOS. Used in Greek compounds, this term signi- 

 fies thin (Lindley), also naked or bare (Asa Gray). 



FSILOSANTHUS. A synonym of Liatris. 



FSIIiOSTEMOlT. A synonym of Trachystemon 

 (which see). 



FSILOSTOMA. A synonym of Flectronia (which see). 



FSIIiOTTTBI (from psilos, naked ; the plants are 

 almost destitute of leaves). Ord. Liiropodiacew. A 

 genus containing very numerous forms, which are, how- 

 ever, according to Mr. Baker's unpublished Synopsis of 

 the Lijcojwdiacece^ reducible to two species. The one 

 here described is a curious club-moss, inhabiting the 

 tropical and sub- tropical regions of both hemispheres. 

 It is of little horticultural value. It thrives in well- 

 drained pots of fibrous x>eat, or may be grown on pieces 

 of such tree ferns as Diclisonia anfarcfira. 



P. triquetrum (three-sided). Stems dichotomously forked, com- 

 ]>ressed or angular, ligid, erect or slender, pendulous ; branches 

 numerous, triiiuetrous. I. obsolete or small, bract-like, shortly 

 linear. Sporangia sub-globose, vertically trivalved, solitary in 

 the axils of the leaves, h. 9in. 1793. (L. B. C. 1916.) 



FSITHTBISKA. A synonym of Symphyostemon 



(which see). 



FSOBALISA (from j)somZeo.«, warted or scurfy ; in 

 reference to the plants being, for the most part, sprinkled 

 all over or roughened with glandular dots or wart-like 

 points). Scurfy Pea. Ord. Legumiiiosce. A large genus 

 (about 100 species have been described) of greenhouse 

 or hardy, annual, biennial, or perennial herbs, shrubs, 

 or sub-shrubs, inhabiting South Africa, North and South 

 America, Australia, and the tropical and temperate 

 regions of Asia, Europe, and North Africa. Flowers 



Fsoralea — continued. 

 purple, blue, pink, or white, capitate, spioate, sub- 

 racemose, or fasciculate, rarely solitary ; calyx lobes sub- 

 equal or at length larger, the two upper ones often 

 connate ; petals nearly as long, or shorter than the 

 keel ; standard ovate or orbiculate. Leaves usually com- 

 pound, consisting of three to five leaflets, though occa- 

 sionally the leaves are simple ; stipules adhering to the 

 stalk. The Cape species thrive in well-drained, sandy 

 peat, and the others in ordinary garden soil. The shrubby 

 kinds are increased, in April or May, by cuttings of the 

 half-ripened shoots, inserted in sand, under a glass. The 

 herbaceous species are propagated by divisions when the 

 new growth commences. The following is a selection of 

 the best kinds introduced. Except where otherwise 

 stated, they are greenhouse. Cape shrubs. 



P. aculeata (prickly).* ./(. blue and white mixed, axillary, 

 solitary, sessile, approximate. June and July. I. trifoliolate ; 

 leaflets euneifoim, ending in a recurved mucrone, glabrous ; 

 stipules prickle-formed, h. 2ft. to 3ft. 1774. (B. M. 2168.) 



P. aphylla (leafless). Jl. blue ; keel and wings white ; pedicels 

 axillary, short, solitary, one-flowered. May to August. L, lower 

 ones simple or trifoliolate ; leaflets linear-lanceolate, upper ones 

 abortive, scale-formed, h. 4ft. to 7ft. 1790. (B. M. 1727.) 



P. arborea (tree-like). Jl. bluish ; pedicels axillary, one-floweredj 

 longer than the leaves. May. I. nnpari-pinnate ; leaflets linear- 

 lanceolate ; stipules recurved. A. 6ft. to 8ft. 1814. (B. M. 2090.) 



P. glandulosa (glandular). Jl. white, marked with blue, dis- 

 posed in axillary, spicate racemes ; bracts very small, ciliated. 

 May to September, t. ternate ; leaflets ovate-lanceolate, acu- 

 minate ; petioles scabrous. Stem erect. A. 4ft. Chili, &c., 

 1770. Half-hardy shrub. (B. M. 990.) 



P. melilotoldes (Melilot-like). Jl. pale purple ; peduncles race- 

 mose ; racemes or spikes linear. August. I. pinnately trifolio- 

 late ; leaflets lanceolate, glandular beneath, h. 1ft. to 2ft. 

 North America, 1814. Hardy perennial herb. (B. M. 2063 ; 

 B. R. 454.) 



P. Mutisii (Mutis'). A synonym of Dalea Mutisii. 



P, pinnata (pinnate-leaved).* Jl. blue, striped ; pedicels axillary, 

 one-flowered, much shorter 'than the leaves. May to July. 

 I. impari-pinnate ; leaflets two or three pairs, linear, and, 

 as well as the branchlets, slightly puberulous. h. 3ft. to 6ft. 

 1690. (A. B. R. 474.) 



FSYCHOTRIA (from psyclie, life ; referring to the 

 powerful medicinal qualities possessed by several of the 

 species). Stns. MyrstiphyUwm, Psychotroplium. In- 

 cluding Gloneria. Oed. Rubiaceai. A genus comprising 

 about 500 species of stove shrubs or small trees, rarely 

 perennial herbs, erect, climbing, or twining, all inhabiting 

 tropical regions. Flowers white, green, pink, or yellow, 

 variously disposed ; calyx tube short, limb rarely per- 

 sistent ; corolla funnel-shaped, tubular, or sub-campanu- 

 late, with a limb of five, rarely four or six, valvate lobes. 

 Leaves opposite, very rarely ternately or quaternately 

 whorled. The species are mostly unattractive, those 

 described below being all that call for mention here. 

 For culture, see Izora. 



P. chontalensis (Chontales). Jl. white, in axilLary panicles. 

 fr. deep blue, usually from forty to sixty on a bunch, presenting 

 a very handsome appearance. Nicaragua, 1870. A very orna- 

 mental herb, allied to P. cyanomeca, but altogether more 

 robust and hairy. 

 P. cyanococca (blue-fmitcd).* /. white, fr. bright blue, ripen- 

 ing in winter, and disposed in dense clusters of from thirty to 

 forty berries. I. elliptic, slightly undulated at the margin. 

 Nicaragua, 1870. A dwarf herb, useful as a decorative plant in 

 winter. (F. d. S. 1938; F. M, 479.) 

 P. Jasminiflora (Jasmine-flowered).* Jl. snowy-white, sub-sessile, 

 in terminal, coryml.iose panicles ; corolla funnel-shaped ; tube 

 terete, long, graceful ; throat dilateil ; limb four-parted, spread- 

 ing. I. shortly petiolate, coriaceous, ovate-oblong, shortly acumi- 

 nate, entire, glabrous above, clothed with white tomentum 

 beneath; margins sub-revolute. A beautiful shrub. (B. M. 6454 ; 

 G. C. n. s., xii. 200; I. H. xviii. 60, under name of Gloneria 

 jasminijlora.) 



FSYCHOTROFHUDI. A synonym of Fsychotria 



(which see). 



FSYDBAX. A synonym of Flectronia (which see). 



FSYLLA. A large genus of small insects, nearly 

 related to Aphides, which they resemble in their general 

 appearance They feed on the leaves and young branches 



