252 



The Dictionary of Gardening, 



Fultensea — continued. 



scatttTeil, briiiuUy uliovate or obcnrdate, about Jin. IniiR, obtuse, 

 tniiRMte, nr emaiginnto, ])ul)esceiit when young, at length nearly 

 Slabrous. /(. 2ft. 1803. (IS. B. 403 and L. B. C. 60, under name 

 (jf Eucfiiliia ohciirdatAfs.) 



P. paleacea (scaly). Jl in dense, but not large, terminal 

 heads, sessile within the last leaves; calyx silky-hairy, the 

 standard nearly twice as long, the lower petals shorter May. 

 ;. linear, with fine, straight or recurved points and revolute 

 margins, iin. to |in. long, pale, and usually silky-hairy beneath. 

 h. lift. 1789. (I,, a C. 291.) 



P. pedunculata (liiUL; Hower-stalked). fl. small, solitary or two 

 to;;fther at tlir iiids of the liranchlets, on flliform pedicels longer 

 than tlie leaws ; standard twice as long as the calyx. May. 

 I. linear or oblong-Ianceolate, narrowed at both ends, the margins 

 recurved or revolute, rarely iin. long, rigitl at first, with pungent 

 points, whicli at length wear ott. Plant prostrate. 1820. 

 (I!. M. 2859.) 



P. polifolia (Polium-leaved). fl. numerous, in dense, terminal 

 heads, sessile within the last leaves ; standard not twice as long 

 as the calyx ; lower petals shorter. May. (. linear, obtuse, iin. 

 to liin. long, with a fine, straiglit or recurved point, hoary 

 beneath, and often hirsute with long hairs. Ii. 2ft. 1824. SYNS. 

 /'. iiiun-ouala (I-. li. C. 1711), />. rob-imriiii/olia (B. R. 1684). 



P. polygallfolia (Polygala-leaved). A synonym of P. villosa. 



P. retusa (retuse). /. few, in small, terminal heads, sessile 

 within the last leaves ; standard not twice as long as the 

 calyx. April. I. linear or linear-cnneate, very obtuse or more 

 frequently emarginate, rarely iin. long, pale beneath, h. 1ft. 



1789. (B. M. 2081 ; B. R. 378.) 



P. rosea (rose-coloured).* fl. pink, produced in roundish heads, 

 sessile within the last leaves; petals not twice as long as the 

 calyx. April. I. linear-terete, obtuse or with short, callous 

 points, channelled above by the involute margins, h. 2ft. 1877. 

 (li. C. n. s. , vii. p. 431.) 



P. rosmarinifolia (Rosemary-leaved). A synonym of P. puli- 

 Mia. 



P. scabra (scabrous), fl. sessile in the upper axils, or three or 

 four together at the ends of the branches ; standard about twice 

 as long as the calyx ; keel deeply coloured. April. I. _ from 

 obovate to narrow-cuneate, under iin. long, truncate, emarginate, 

 or shortly bilobed, and often mucronate, the margins revolute, 

 scaln-ous above, tomentose or hairy beneath, h. lift. 1803. 



P. s. biloba (two-lobed). I. narrow-cuneate, dilated, and two- 

 lolied at the end, with a short, recurved point ; tomentum short. 

 1817. (B. M. 2091 ,and L. B. C. 650, undername of P. biloba.) 



P. stipularis (stipuled). fl. numerous, in dense heads, sessile 

 within the last leaves ; calyx ciliate or hirsute ; standard scarcely 

 half as long again as the calyx. April. I. linear, acute, five- 

 pointed, Iin. to liin. long, darker beneath ; stipules narrow, often 

 above .iin. long. Ii. 2ft. 1792. (B. M. 475.) 



P. stricta (upright).* ft. nearly sessile, in small, dense heads, 

 within the last leaves ; standard nearly twice as long as the 

 calyx. April to July. I. obovate, mucri>nate, quite glabrous 

 above, often silky-pubescent Ijeneath. h. 1ft. to 3ft. 1803. 

 (B. M. 1588; L. li. C. 974.) 



P. subnmbellata (sub-umbellate). /. golden-yellow, streaked 

 with crim.son behind, produced in line, terminal, sulj-umljellate 

 heads, sessile witliin the last leaves. April. I. linear, obtuse, 

 smooth tin both sides. Branches cinereous, pilose, h. 1ft. 1831. 

 (B. M. 3264; B. E. 1632.) 



P. tenuifolia (slender-leaved), ft. solitary or two together, sessile 

 on the smaller branchlets, and often shorter than the surrounding 

 leaves. April. I. narrow-linear or terete, obtuse or scarcely 

 acute, 4in. to iin. long, concave or channelled above by the 

 involute margins. A. lift. 1817. (B. M. 2086.) 



P. villosa (villous).* ;;. solitary in each axil, Init sometimes form- 

 ing short, terminal. leafy racemes ; petals nearly twice as long as 

 the calyx. April. L linear-oblimg, pilose beneath, as well as the 

 branches anil calyces, two or three lines long. h. 1ft. to 3ft. 



1790. (B. M. 967.) SVN. P. polyijalijolia. 



FULVEBEUS. Powdery. 



Appearing as if dusted with 



PULVERULENTUS. 



powdery matter. 



PULVINATE. Cushiou-shaped. 



PULVINUS. A cushion. The term is applied to 

 an enlargement or a swelling at the base of a leaf, or 

 at the apex of a petiole. 



PUMILUS. Short; low; dwarf. 



PUMPKIN. &Vb Cucurbita Pepo. 



PUNCTATE. Dotted. 



PUNCTICULATE. Minutely punctate. 



FUNG-ENT. Terminating gradually in a sharp, rigid 

 point ; e.ij., the lobes of a Holly leaf. 



PUNICA {called by Pliny Malnm Punicum. the Punic 

 or Carthaginian Apple, probably with some allusion to 

 puniceu.'i, scarlet; referring to the colour of the flowers). 

 Pomegranate. Ord. Lythrarieo!. A monotypio genus; 

 the species is a very handsome, hardy, deciduous tree. 

 The' fruit of this genus is remarkable in being composed 

 of two whorls of carpels, one placed above the other, 

 the lower consisting of three or four, and the upper 

 of from five to ten, carpels; the seeds have a pellucid, 

 pulpy covering. For culture, see Pomegranate. 

 P. Granatum,* Conunon Pomegranate, fl. red. from two to five 



together, almost sessile, rising near the tops of the l)rauches. 



June to September. L lanceolate or oi>long, entire, dotless. 



Stem arboreous, h. 16ft. to 30ft. Orient and North-western 



India (largely cultivated througliout the tropics), 1648. (I!. M. PI. 



113; B. M. 1832.) Of this well-known and handsome tree, there 



are several forms, including the following: 



Fig. 325. 



Flowering Branch of Punica Gran.vti-m 

 klore-pleno. 



rf. white, having the calyx 

 See Fig. 325. 



P. G. flore-pleno (tlouble-flowered). 



yellowish, douljle. Garden variety. 

 P, G. nana (dwarf), fl. much smaller than those of the type. 



fr. about the size of a Nutmeg. I. narrower, linear. Stem 



shrubby. Ii. 6ft. to 6ft. 1725. (B. M. 634.) 



In addition to these, there are a number of garden forms, 

 varying more or less in the colour of the flowers. 



PUNICEUS. Bright carmine-red. 



PUNNETS. See Measures. 



PUPA. The third stage in the development of an 

 insect. Let us take, as an example, the Large White 

 Cabbage Butterfly (see Fig. 326). This butterfly is 

 familiar to everyone in summer and autumn, flying in 

 gardens, even in the ' heart of cities. The female lays 

 eggs on the Cabbage leaves. From this first stage, after 

 an interval, larvas (the second stage) emerge, very worm- 

 like in form, with a number of similar body-rings (see 

 Fig. 327), and a distinct head, with strong jaws for 

 cutting the food. Each of the three segments imme- 

 diately behind the head bears a pair of true, though 

 short, jointed legs, which correspond to the three pairs 

 possessed by the greater number of perfect insects. The 

 sixth to ninth segments, and the last one, each bear a 

 pair of fleshy claspers, or '' prolegs," by means of which, 

 usually, the larva; cling to any support, while the true 

 legs are used for holding their food, as well as for walk- 

 ing. The claspers are not jointed, but belong to the 



