274 



The Dictionary of Gardening, 



Ranunculus — continued. 



liiieiu- ami uiitire. Stem erect. Rootstock straight, h. Sin. to 

 3ft. Eurupt (Britain), North Asia. Plant hairy. (Sy. En. B. 33.) 

 A double-flowevetl form of this species —Yellow Bachelors' 

 Buttons— is figured in B. M. 215. 



R, alpestris (alpine), fl. white, varyinfr in size, either single or 

 .1ouI)Il', usually one to'a stem; petals five, obcordate or three- 

 Idlied. .luue to August. /. orbicular-cordate, tliree-lobed, with 

 tlie tops deeply crenate at the apex, blunt ; sometimes the leaves 

 are tritid, or iiardly so. h. 3in. to 6in. Pyrenees, &c. 



R. amplexicaulis (stem-clasping).* ,ff. snowy-white under cul- 

 tivation, seldom double : scapes and peduncle.s smooth. April 

 and May. t. oval-lanceolate, acuminate, stem-clasping, smooth, 

 or with a few deciduous hairs on the edges, glaucous. Stems 

 three to six-flowered, h. 3in. to 9in. Pyrenees and Western 

 Alps, 1633. See Fig. 353. (B. M. 266; G. C. n. s., xix. 788; 

 n. (i. 1885, 244.) 



R. anemonoides (Anemone-like)." Jl. white, tinted with pink, 

 pale outside, large, and rather attractive, borne on peduncles 

 3in. to 6in. high. Summer. I. glaucous-green, biternately divided, 

 the segments cut into linear divisions. Styiian Alps, &c., 1883. 

 A charming little plant. 



R. aquatilis (aquatic). Lodewort ; Ram's Foot, Ac. Ji. white ; 

 peihinclea usually leaf-opposed, one-flowered. May to August, 

 i., floating ones three-lobed, or parted or absent ; submerged ones 

 di- or trichotomously multitid. tin- .seiiments capillary or linear ; 

 stipules broad. Temperate vcgious (Britain). A very variable 

 plant, of which the follo^\illg are enumerated, by Hooker, as 

 Nub-species : circinatus, fiuitans, heterophylhis, pantotkrix, and 

 tripai'titit^. 



Fig. 354. Ranunculus asuticus flore-pleno. 



R. asiatious (Asiatic).* Common Garden Ranunculus. Jl. variable 

 in cidour ; calyx spreading, afterwards refiexed ; petals large, 

 obovate, very blunt. May and June. I. ternate or biternate ; 

 segments toothed or deeply trifid. Stem erect, simple or 

 branched at tlie base. h. 9iu. Levant, 1596. Under cultivation, 

 this has nearly always double flowers. See Fig. 354. 



R. a. sanguineus (l)lnndy).* Turkey Ranunculus, .rf. purple, 

 yellow, (irangf, and varii.'gated with tlie same colours, excluding 

 all colours verging on white or })lue. always double. I. ternate ; 

 segments tootlied, obtuse. Stem simple. 



R. a. tenuilobus (slender-lobed). Jt. white, yellow, rarely 

 purple. /. multitid, with linear, acute lobes. Stem somewhat 

 1) ranched. 



R, a. vulgaris (common). Persian Ranunculus. JJ. of all 

 colours (blue oxcepted), and variegated, double or single. /. ter- 

 nate ; segnu'iits tritid, acute. Stem branched at the bottom. A 

 very ornamental plant, having innumerable forms in gardens. 



Ranunculus — continued. 

 R. bulbosus (bulbous-rooted). Cuckoo Buds; Gold Cup. /I. 



yellow, with furrowed peduncles, refiexed sepals, and nairy 

 receptacle. Spring and early summer. I. trifoliolate or ternati- 

 sect, hairy ; segments lobed. h. 1ft. Europe, Asia, North Africit. 

 (Sy. Kn. B. 35.) 



R. cardiophyllus (heart-leaved). Jl. golden, large; calyx 

 spreading, half as long as the corolla. May. I., radical ones 

 roundish-cordate, crenate and multifid ; canline ones pahnately 

 multitid ; lobes linear, deeply crenate. A. 1ft. North America, 

 1829. Plant pubescent, hairy. (B. M. 2999.) 



R. cassubicus (Cassubian). //. yellow ; calyx pubescent, shorter 

 tlian tile petals. June ami July. /. smooth ; radical ones 

 .stalked, kidney-shaped, crenate ; cauline ones divided into linear, 

 serrateil lobes. A. bin. Northern and Eastern Europe, &c., 1794. 

 (B. M. 2267.) 



R. cortussefolius (Cortusa leaved).* Jl yellow; calyx spreading. 

 May. I., as well as the stem, sliglitly i)ilose ; radical ones some- 

 what cordate-reniform, .slightly loht-d, broadly crenate; cauline 

 ones sub-sessile, three to five-parted ; floral ones lanceolate. 

 Stem branched, corvmbose. It. 2ft. ' Teneriffe, 1826. (B. M. 

 4625; L. J. F. iii. 293.) 



R. creticus macrophyllus (large-leaved Cretan). Jl. golden, 

 large ; ctilyx i)ressed. Ajtril and .\Ia\'. I. jtrofmitidly lobed, with 

 sliglitly ronmled teeth, steni luanched, iiiauy-tlowered, and, as 

 well as the leaves, slightly hairy. It. 1ft. Crecian Archipelago, 

 1658. (B. R. 1432.) 



R. Ficaria (Figwort). Lesser Celandine ; Pilewort. Jl. bright 

 yellow, about lin. in diameter, sometimes apetidous ; peduncles 

 stout, axillary, one-flowered. March to May. I. variable, cordate, 

 obtusely angled or crenate ; petioles stout, dilated at base. Stem 

 short, decumbent, liranched at base. Europe (Britain, Ac). 

 See Fig. 355. (Sy. En. B. 39.) 



R. Flammula (Flammula). Lesser Spearwort. Jl. yellow, rarely 

 3iu. in (lianuter ; style of aelieiies short, obtuse. Jime to August. 

 L, lowest ones jietiol;ite, ovate ; upper ones more lanceolate and 

 sessile. I'huope (liritain). Plant prostrate or erect. (F. D. 572; 

 Sy. Kn. B. 29.) 



R. fumariaefolius (Fumitory-leaved). Jl. yellow, always double ; 

 sepals ovate-ol)Iong, spreading; scapes numerous, one-flowered, 

 leafless or furnished with one multifld leaf about the middle, 

 clothed with adpressed hairs. May to July. I. quite smooth, 

 pinnate, many-parted ; lobes oblong, h. 1ft. Native country un- 

 known. 



R. glacialis (glacier). Jl. seldom double ; petals white or reddish, 

 surt'used with purple, somewhat orbicular, bluntly emarginate, as 

 long as the very hairy calyx. June to August. I. usually smooth, 

 or the upper ones sometimes villous; radical ones stalked 

 pahnately t Jiee-p;;rtLd or ternate, with trifld lobes and rather 

 Idunt lolndes. .Stem one to tliree-flowered. k. 3in. to 6in. Moun- 

 tains <if Europe, 1775. (F. D. i. 19.) 



R. gramineus (grass-like).* Jl. yellow ; scales of petals tubular. 

 April to June. t. lanceolate-linear, quite entire. Stems erect, 

 quite smooth, with fibres at the neck, one to three-flowered. 

 h. 6in. to 12in. South-western Europe, &c. (B. M. 164.) The 

 \aT\ety jlon'-plcni> has double flowers, iuu\ 2^fi(£nicij'olius has lanceo- 

 late leaves. 



R. Heldreichlanus (Heldreich's). Jl. of a pale chrome-yellow, 

 shining, numerous. Spring. I. tripartite, the lobes deeply in- 

 cised, h. 1ft. Greece, 1882. An attractive plant, a sub-species of 

 ii. Spruneriamis. 



R. isopyroides (Isojiyium-like). Jl. white; petals five or some- 

 times more, twire as long as the smooth calyx, oval; peduncles 

 two or three, rising from the axils of the upper leaves, or ter- 

 minal. May and June. L, radical ones pinnate, with stalked, 

 twice trifld segments ; cauline ones ternate. h. Sin. to 6in. 

 Siberia, 1818. 



R. Lingua (Lingua), (ireater Spearwort. /I. yellow, handsome, 

 2in. in diameter, sub-i)anicled ; sepals and petals five. July to 

 September, l. 6iu. to lOin. long, 3in. to lin. broad, sessile, 

 half-amplexicaul, lanceolate, entire or toothed. Stem 2ft. to 

 3ft. high, hollow. Root densely fibrous. Europe (Britain, in 

 marshes and ilitches). (Sy. En. B. 31.) 



R. Lyalli (Lyall's).* New Zealand Water Lily. Jl. waxy-white, 

 4in. in diameter ; sepals five, broad, pilose ; petals broadly 

 cuneate, with an obscure, oblong, basilar gland ; peduncles very 

 numertiiis, stout, erect. Sjuing and summer. /. peltate, on long, 

 stout petiok-s, glabrous ; limb orbicular, very concave, thick ami 

 coriaceous, sometimes l^ft. in diameter, simply crenate. Stem 

 paniculately Ijranched, many-flowered, h. 2ft. to 4ft. New 

 Zealand, 1879. A very handsome, erect, cool greenhouse plant. 

 (G. C. n. s., XV. 724. and xxiii. 371.) 



R. millefoliatus (thousand-leaved). Jl. yellow; calyx pressed. 

 May to July. I. decompound, multitid; lobes linear, smooth. 

 Stem almost leafless, erect, villous, one-flowei'ed. h. 1ft. South 

 Europe, 1820. (B. M. 3009.) urandi'jlonit: (S. B. F. G. ser. ii. 

 248) is a form with larger flower-s. 



R. monspeliacus (Montpelier). jl. yellow ; calyx refiexed. 

 April and May. I. woolly ; radical ones three-lobetl ; lobes 

 cuneate, trifidly toothed; upper leaves three-parted, with entire, 

 linear lobes. Stem erect, few-flowered, h. IMt. Mediterranean 

 region. 



