302 



The Dictionary of Gardening, 



Rhynchog'lossuiu — contimied. 

 racemes terminal, or at length opposite the leaves, 

 secund, loose. Leaves alternate, ample, membranous, 

 very uncquilateral. R. zeijlanicum is a pretty annual, or 

 at most biennial, requiring" culture similar to Elug'ia 

 (which see). 



B* zeylanicum (Cingalese). Jl. in long, teiininal, sometimes 

 interrupted, sometimes leafy, racemes ; corolla blue, paler and 

 alnnist white beneath, with a little yellow. July. I. alternate, 

 petiolate, somewhat ovate, entire, closely penninerved. /(. al'out 

 ift. Ceylon, 1844. (B. M. 4198.) 



RHYXCKOPETALUM. Included under Lobelia 



{which see). 



RHYNCHOSIA {from rhynrhos, a beak ; alluding 

 to the shape of the keel). Ord. Leguminosw. A genus 

 comprising about seventy-five species of stove or green- 

 house, twining, prostrate, or rarely erect herbs, shrubs, 

 or sub-shrubs, inhabiting warm regions. Flowers yellow, 

 the standard often darkly lined, rarely purple, in 

 axillary racemes, rarely solitary in the axils ; two upper 

 calyx lobes more or less connate ; standard obovate or 

 orbicular, spreading or reflexed ; keel incurved at the 

 apex. Leaves pinnately, or rarely sub-digitately, tri- 

 foliolate, exstipellate or mimitely stipellate ; leaflets 

 resinoiis-dotted beneath The species are of no great 

 beauty ; only four call for mention here. They thrive 

 in a light, sandy soil, and may be propagated by seeds. 



R. Chrysoscias (Chrysoscias). .//. golden-yellow or orange ; 

 st^indard ample ; peduncles three or four-flowered at the summit. 

 May. l. on very short petioles ; leaflets liin. long, oblong-lanceo- 

 late, with re volute margins, dark-coloured above, fulvescent 

 beneath. South Africa. 1871. Climbing, greenhouse .sub-shrub, 

 covered on the younger portions with gold or tawny hairs. 

 (B. M. 5913.) 



R. cyanosperma (blue-seeded), jl, corolla bright red-purple, 

 equalling the calyx. Summer. I., leaflets three, leathery; 

 central one roundish, 4in. to 5in. long, cuspidate, with a 

 petiolule Mn. long ; lateral ones unequal-sided ; upper surface 

 thinly, lower densely, grey-puhescent. Tall, shrubby climber. 

 Tropics. 



R. c, albiflora (white-flowered). Jl. yellowish-white. April. 

 I. acuminate, with a very long acumen. Climbing, stove sub- 

 shrul*. (B. M. 1859, under name of Cyliata albijlora.) 



R. gibba (tumid), f.., standard ovate, streaked with brown ; 

 peduncles 3in. to 4in. long, tioriferous above the middle. 

 September and October. I. on rather long petioles ; leaflets 

 variable, sometimes almost orbicular and very obtuse, sometimes 

 rhomboid, acuminate, the lateral ones very unequal-sided, ^in. to 

 l^in. long and broad. Stems climbing or trailing, densely pubes- 

 cent. South Africa. Greenhouse shrub. (B. R. 275, under name 

 of Glycine cariba-a.) 



R. phaseoloides (Phaaeolus-like). Jl., standard striped with 

 purple; racemes many-flowered. June and July. L, leaflets 

 ovate or ovate-rhomboid, pointed. Stem suffruticose, twining, 

 sub-cylindrical. West Indies, 1818. Stove. (B. M. 2284, under 

 name of Glycine ■pka.veoloides.) 



BHYNCHOSPEBMUM (of Lindley). A synonym 

 of Trachelospermum (whicli see). 



BHYNCHOSTYLIS (from rhynchos, a beak, and 

 stiilos, a pillar ; alluding to the shape of the column). 

 Obd. OrchidecB. A small genus (two or three species) of 

 stove, epiphytal orchids, natives of the East Indies and 

 the Malayan Archipelago. Flowers rather large or 

 mediocre, shortly pedicellate ; lateral sepals broader than 

 the dorsal one ; lip affixed to the column, profoundly 

 saccate at base, with obsolete, lateral lobes ; column 

 short, thick ; racemes lateral, long, dense-flowered. 

 Leaves distichous, coriaceous or fleshy, flat ; sheaths 

 persistent, concealing the stem. For culture of I!, retusn. 

 the best-known species, see Saccolabium. 



R. retusa (retu.se).* H. white, sti-iped with violel-piiik ; petal.s 

 half as wide as the ovate sepals ; lip one-coloured, witli a com- 

 pressed, truncate-conical .spur, the lamina lanceolate, inflexed, 

 slightly costate at back ; racemes cylindrical, dense, l. 1ft. long, 

 channelled, imequally truncate. Kast Indies, 1820. A pretty 

 species. .Svn.s. Saccolabium. Biumci (L. S. O. 47), S. guttatxim 

 (B. »I. 4108), Sarcanthus iiutlatxis (B. E. 1443). 



BKYNCHOTECHUM (name not e.xplained by its 

 author), Syns. Cheilosaiidra, Chiliandra, Corijsanthera. 

 Oed. Gesneracece. A genus comprising about half-a-dozen 



Bhynchotechum — continued. 

 species of villous, hairy, or woolly, stove sub-shrubs, 

 natives of the East Indies and the Malayan Archipelago. 

 Flowers pink or white, small ; calyx of five narrow seg- 

 ments ; corolla with a short, broadly campanulate tube, 

 and a sub-bilabiate limb ; cymes pedunculate in the axils 

 or defoliated nodes, often bundle-flowered, densely or 

 loosely trichotomous. Leaves ample, opposite or rarely 

 ternately whorled. Only one species has yet been intro- 

 duced, For culture, see Gesuera. 



R. ellipticum (elliptic-leaved). ,//. of a deep rose-colour, small, 

 disposed in crowded, axillary corymbs. Summer. I. opposite, 

 obovate-elliptic. IStem simple, erect, 2ft. to 3ft. high. Assam and 

 Sikkini, 1870. (B. M. 5832.) 



BHYNCOFEBA. Included under PleurothaUis. 



KHYSOSFEBMUM. A synonym of Notelsea 

 (which see). 



E.KYTIDANDBA. A synonym of Marlea (which 

 see). 



BHYTISOFKYLLUM (from rhytis, rhijtidos, a 

 wrinkle, and pJiyllon, a leaf; alluding to the rugose 

 leaves). Okd. Gesiieracew. A genus comprising about 

 ten species of villous or white-woolly, rarely almost 

 glabrous, stove shrubs or small trees, natives of the 

 West Indies and Columbia. Flowers often softly vil- 

 lous or woolly ; calyx tube adnate, turbinate, or nearly 

 hemispherical ; corolla usually greenish outside, variously 

 coloured within ; tube incurved, enlarged above ; limb 

 of short, broad, erecto-patent lobes ; peduncles axQlary, 

 elongated, cymosely many-flowered. Leaves alternate, 

 shortly petiolate, often elongated, entire or orenate, 

 softly rugose or scabrous, sometimes very scabrous and 

 woolly beneath. Only two species have been introduced. 

 For culture, see Gesnera. 



R, auriculatum (eared), ji. greenish, red - .spotted within ; 

 corolla sub-cauipanulate, hairy ; peduncles almost equalling the 

 leaves, glandular-tomentose. August. I. sessile, narrowed at 

 base and auriculate, dilated and semi-amplexicaul, serrated, 

 tomentose - scabrous above, slightly hoary beneath. A. 1ft. 

 Brazil, 1824. (B, iM, 3562,) 



R. tomentosum (tomentose). jl., corolla greenish-yellow, varie- 

 gated with purple spots, or purple, |in. long, scabrous-tomentose ; 

 peduncles equalling or exceeding the leaves. Summer, l. lan- 

 ceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 4in. to Bin. long, acuminate, serrate, 

 scabrous above, villous beneath, h. 2ft. to 3ft. West Indies. 

 (B. M. 1023, under name of Gesneria toincntosa). 



BHYTIGLOSSA. A synonym of Dianthera. 



BHYTISMA. A genus of Fungi which make their 

 appearance upon the leaves and branches of Maples, 

 certain Willows, and a few other plants, in the form of 

 shining, deep black patches, rising a little above the 

 general level of the part bearing them. The most gene- 

 rally known species is that which gives rise to the large 

 black spots so common in autumn upon the leaves of Acer 

 campestre, or Field Maple, and of Acer Pseudo-idataniis, 

 the Sycamore of England, the Plane of Scotland. These 

 spots, in their common form, are often ^in. or more in 

 breadth, and are of a uniform tint. The Fungus is 

 known as B. acerinum. A variety called B. punctatum 

 difl'ers from this in having the spots broken up into a 

 number of small black specks instead of a uniform black 

 patch. In autumn, there is no sign of reproductive 

 organs on the Fungus ; but if a patch is examined in 

 spring, after the leaf has lain on the moist ground all 

 winter, there are found imbedded in the mass nume- 

 rous asci, each inclosing eight slender spores. 



The remedy is easy, and consists in the careful re- 

 moval of the diseased leaves, as is done in well-kept 

 gardens and pleasure-grounds. In such places, this 

 disease is of rare occurrence compared with its abundance 

 in mcst other localities. Its presence renders the leaves 

 unsightly, but is not dangerous to them. 



BIB. A primary and strong vein, or conspicuous 

 portion of the framework, of a leaf. 



