314 



The Dictionary of Gardening, 



ROOT-GRAPTING. See Grafting. 



ROOT-HAIRS. Attenuated, unicellular outgrowths, 

 or hairs, from the newly-formed parts of a root. 



ROOTLET. A very slender root, or branch of a root. 



ROOT OP SCARCITY. A name applied to the 

 Mang-el-AVnrzel i Beta rnhinris macrorhizn). 



ROOT-PRUNING. N" Pruning. 



ROOTSTOCK. Nt,. Rhizome. 



ROOT-SUCKXiRS. Shoots which proceed from the 

 root of a plant, and afford, in many instances, a method 

 of increase. See Propagation. 



ROPALA. A synonym of Ronpala (which see). 



ROPE GRASS. See Restio. 



ROSA (the old Latin name, from the Greek rhodon, 

 which ag-aiu is taken from the Arabic ward, a rose). 

 Rose. Including Loii-ea. Obd. Rosaeeae. An important 

 genus of highly ornamental, mostly hardy, erect, sar- 

 mentose, or tall climbing, glabrous, silky or glandular- 

 pilose, usually prickly shrubs, dispersed over the whole 

 temperate and sub-alpine regions of the Northern 

 hemisphere, rare in America, extending South as far 

 as Abyssinia, the East Indian Peninsnla. and Mexico. 

 About 2.50 species have been enumerated, and more than 

 180 described as such, but the number specifically dis- 

 tinct is probably not more than thirty or forty. Flowers 

 white, yellow, pink, or red, ample, showy, solitary or 

 corymbose : calyx ebracteolate, the tube globose, urceolate 

 or ventricose, the throat constricted, the lobes five, very 

 rarely four, spreading, leafy, often pinnatisect. deciduous 

 or persistent, imbricate i ; petals five, very rarely four, 

 spreading : stamens numerous, in many series, inserted on 

 the disk, the filaments filiform ; carpels indefinite, rarely 

 few, free : styles exserted : achenes numerous, included 

 within the baccate tube of the calyx, which, in the fruiting 

 state, is often edible. Leaves alternate, impari-pinnate. 

 very rarely one-foliolate or consisting solely of connate, 



Fir,, 383. Rose Le.if, showing .iilnate Stipules. 



leafy stipules : leaflets often serrated ; stipules sheathing 

 at base, and adnate n-ith the petioles (see Fig. 383). 



The enumeration of species described in this work is 

 slightly modified from Mr. Baker's admirable " Classifica- 

 tion of Garden Eoses," which appeared in the " Gardeners' 

 Chronicle" of 1885. 



Analytical Key to the Groups. 

 Leaves simple, esstipulate 1. Simplicifoli.e. 



Leaves compound, stipulate. 

 Styles forming a column, protruded) 2, Systvl.e, 



beyond the disk - ■ ) 



Styles not united nor protruded be-^ 



yond the disk. | 



Stipules nearly free, deciduous . . .- 3. B.VNKSi.vx.E. 



Stipules adnate above the middle, 



persis'.ent ■ ■ J 



DiAC.vNTH.E.— Main prickles in pairs at the base of the leaves. 



4. P.RACTEAT.E. 



Fruit persistently pilose 

 Fruitglabrous. . 



5, ClXXAMOME.E. 



Heteracanth.e.— Prickles scattered, numerous, passing 

 gradually into aciculi and seta^. 



Leaves not rugose; large prickles long). ^ Pimpi.vei.lifoli.e. 



and slender I 



Leaves rugose, coriaceous; large). ^ C'ENTIFOl.i E 



prickles short and stout . . ) ' ' 



10. RUBIGINOS^.. 



Rosa — continued, 

 lIoMOECAXTH.E.— Prickles scattered, comparatively few, subequal. 



Prickles slender ; leaves not glandular ) g villqs.e. 



below . - ) 



Prickles stout and hooked ; leaves not | 9 canix.e. 



glandular below 



Leaves very glanilular beneath . . 



(JROIP I. SIMPLICIFOLI.E. 



simplicifolia 



Groi'P IL Systvl.e. 

 abyssinica 

 moschata 

 multifiora 

 pbu'nicia 

 repens 



sempervirens 

 setigera 

 stylosa 



Groip III. Baxksiax.e. 



Banksia* 

 Fortuneana 

 microcai-pa 

 sinica 



Group IV. Bracteat.e. 



bracteata 

 involucrata 



Group V. Cix.n.vmome.e. 



In some of these there are only the pairs of prickles at the base 

 of the leaves ; but in several of the species there are few or many 

 aciculi in adilition. These latter form a connecting link between 

 Groups \'. and VI. 



anserin.TfoIta 



blanda 



Carolina 



cinnamomea 



gyuinocarpa 



numilis 



laxa 



lucida 



microphylla 



nitida 



nntkana 



pisocarjia 



rugosa 



sericea 



Group VI. Pimpinelmfoli.e, 

 acicularis 

 alpina 

 Ec.T 



liemisph.Trica 

 hibernica 

 hispid I 

 involuta 

 lutea 



macrophylla 

 rubella 

 spinosissima 

 Webbiana 



Group VII, Centifoli.e. 



centifolia 

 dam.iicena 

 gallica 

 turbinata 



Group vni, Villos.e. 



Hackeliana 

 mollis 

 oriental is 

 tomentosa 



Group IX. Canin.e. 



alba 



canina 



indica 



montana 



rubrifolia 



Group X. Ribiginos.e. 



ferox 



glutinosa 



micrantha 



rubiginosa 



sepium 



Throughout the vegetable kingdom, there is no genus 

 which commands — .and receives — so much attention from 



