An Encyclopedia of Horticulture. 



331 



Rnbns — continued. 



quantities of fruits in the hedg-erows, whicli are aomotinies 



gathered and made remunerative. 



R. arcticus (Arctic), fi. reddish ; wepals lanceolate, often shorter 

 than the ul)0vate, entire or einarginate petals. June. //•. amber- 

 coloured, delicious. I. trifuliolate ; leattets rhombic-ovate or 

 obovate, coarsely and often doubly serrated, petiolulate. Stem 

 low, herbaceous, unarmed. Arctic regions of both hemispheres. 

 (B. M. 132 ; K. G. 314.) 



R. australis (Southern).* fl. pink or whitish, fragrant, very 

 numerous, in branched, prickly, downy panicles, jiin. to iin. in 

 diameter. Early summer. Jr. numerous, yellowish, juicy, austere. 

 I. very variable, ovate to lanceolate, or reduced to prickly mid- 

 ribs, 3in. to Sin. long. Prickles scattered, recurved. New Zea- 

 land. A lofty climber, hardy against a wall or in a sheltered 

 spot. 



Fig. 396. INFL0RESCE^'CE of Rubus fruticosus r.ESius. 



R. blfloriis (two-flowered).* jl. white, iin. to |in. in diameter, 

 one to three together on axillary, slender, drooping peduncles ; 

 calyx puliescent. May. /i: golden-yellow, globose, |in. in 

 diameter; drupes twenty to thirty. /., leaflets three or five, 

 Iin. to Uin. long, ovate, lobulate, doubly toothed, white and 

 tomentose beneath, jmbescent or hairy above. Stems and 

 branches rambling, white with glaucous blo<.im ; prickles very 

 strong, recurved. Himalayas, 1818. (li. M. 4678.) 



R. canadensis (Canadian). American Pewljerry; Low Black- 

 I)erry. _rf. white, raceuKJse, with leaf-like bracts. ISIay. 

 Jr. blackish, <tvate or oblong, excellent, ripening earlier than 

 that of A'. mllfLsus. l, leaflets three (or pedately tive to seven), 

 oval or ovate-lanceohite, mostly acute, thin, nearly smooth, 

 sharply cut-serrated. Stems extensively trailing, slightly 

 prickly. North America, 1811. 



R. Chamsemorus (ground Mulberry).* Cloudberry. Jl. white, 

 Iin. in diameter ; sepals luiequal, villous ; petals oblong. June 

 and .July. J'r. orange-yellow, Iin. in diameter ; drupes few, large. 

 I. few, sub-orbicular-cordate, obtusely tive to seven-Iobed, Iin. to 

 3in. in diameter, petiolate, crenate, wrinkled. Stem 4in. to Sin. 

 high, erect, unarmed, simple, one-flowered, herbaceous or nearly 

 so. Europe (Britain). (Sy. En. B. 440.) 



R. cratEegifolius (Hawtlmni-Ieaved). Jl. white, axillary, solitary, 

 ur teniiiiKil, suli-ranniost' ; sejials acuminate, mostly recurved ; 

 petals clawed, obovate-sjiatliuhite, often retuse at apex. /r. rich 

 dark red. /. cordate, tritid, or more or less lobed or toothed. 

 Branches, petioles, and nerves of the leaves, armed with re- 

 curved prickles. North China and Japan. (R. U. 591, 924.) 



R. cuneifolius (wedge - shape - leaved). Sand Blackberry. 

 '!. white; petals large; peduncles two to four-flowered. May 

 to July. Jr. blackish, ovate or oblong, good-flavoured, ripening 

 in August. I., leaflets three to five, cuneate-obovate, rather 

 thick, serrated above. Stems upright, armed with stout, re- 

 curved prickles. Branchlets and under side of leaves whitish- 

 woolly, h. 1ft. to 3ft. North America, 1811. 



R, Dalibarda (Dalibarda). This is the correct name of the 

 plant described in this work as Dalibarda repetis, 



R. deliclosus (delicious).* ji. purple; sepals ovate-oblong, 

 with a dilated acumination, shorter than the oval petals. May. 

 O*. large, and of delicious flavour. /. reniform-orbicular, 

 wrinkled, slightly three to five-lobed, flnely serrate-toothed ; 

 stipules persistent. Stem erect. Branches, young leaves, and 

 calyx, tomentose-pubescent. k. 3ft. North America, 1870. 

 (B. M. 6062; G. C. n. s., xv. 537.) 



R. fruticosus (shrubby).* Blackberry; Common Bramble. 

 jl. white or pink, in terminal racemes, the lateral l)ranches 

 corymbose or elongated. July to September, /r. black or 

 reddish-pui-ple. L usually jiinnately three to tive foliolate, sub- 

 persistent, glabrous or pubescent ; leaflets on long or short 



Rubus — continued. 



petioles, obovate or rhomboid-obovate, coarsely and irregularly 

 serrated or toothed, convex, dark green above, pale and often 

 glaucous beneath. Stem glabrous or bristly, prickly. Europe 

 (Britain), Ac. Under this species, Mr. Baker classifies twenty- 

 one sub-species. 

 R. f. cseslus (grey). Dewberry. Jl., sepals appressed, densely 

 tomentose all over tlie back. Jr., drupes few, large, glaucous. 

 /., leaflets usually three, green on both surfaces. Stem prostrate, 

 glaucous. Prickles unequal, setaceous. See Fig. 396. 



R. Idseus (Mount Ida). Raspberry. Ji.. white, drooping ; calyx 

 I'tiig-tipped ; cymes iin. in diameter, few-flowered. June to 

 August. Jr., drupes many, red or yellow, hoary, l. ovate or 

 elliptic, acuminate, 3in. to bin. long, acutely and irregularly ser- 

 rated, white and hoary beneath. Stems 3ft. to 5ft. high, biennial, 

 terete, prickly, pruinose. Europe (Britain). For culture, &c., 

 see Raspberry* 



R. laciniatus (torn).* Jf. white or rose-coloured, in loose panicles ; 

 calyx segments prickly, somewhat leafy, reflexed at apex ; petals 

 tlnee-lobed at apex. June to September. L, leaflets three to 

 five, dissected and sharply sen-ated, puberulous beneath. Stems 

 nearly terete, straggling. Prickles dilated at base. (W. D. B. 69.) 



R, lasiocarpus (woolly-fruited), ji. deep pink, small ; petals 

 orbicular or broadly obovate; corymbs small, axillary and ter- 

 minal, corymbose. May. Jr. red or orange, small, globose, hoary. 

 I. 3in. to lOin. long ; leaflets five to nine, ovate, elliptic, or ovate- 

 lanceolate, Iin. to 3in. lon^. acutely toothed or serrated, beneath 

 usually hoary, the terminal one above lobulate. Branches 

 cylindric, rambling. Prickles stout, variable. Himalayas. 



R. 1. pauciflorus (few-flowered). Ji. small, puberulous, crowded 

 in Corymbs. A common Himalayan form, glabrous and shining 

 except the untler surface of the leaves. (B. R. 854, under name of 

 li. paitcijliinis.) 



R. nutans (nodding). Jl. white, usually solitary, axillary, l^in. 

 broad, on stout peduncles ; calyx tube villous. June. J'r. of few 

 scarlet drupes. /., leaflets three, orbicular or sub-rhomboidal, 

 lAin. to 3in. long and broad, obscurely lobed, acutely and doubly 

 toothed, the lateral ones shortly petiolulate. Stem 1ft. to 2ft. 

 long, unarmed, from a wootly rootstock. Himalayas, 1850. 

 (B. M. 5025.) 



R. nutkanus(Nootka). fl. white, very large; sepals long-cuspi- 

 date ; peduncles rather few-flowered. August. Jr. red. I. five- 

 lobed ; lobes nearly equal, broad, coarsely and unequally toothed. 

 Stems flexu(ais, hirsute, h. varying from 1ft. to 10ft. North 

 America, 1826. (B. M. 3453; B. R. 1368 ; S. B. F. G. ser. ii. 83.) 



R. OCCidentalis (Western). Black Raspberry; Thimblelierry ; 

 Virginian Raspberry, jl. white ; petals small, erect, shorter 

 than the sepals. May. J'r. purplish-black (rarely whitish), 

 hemispherical, ri]iening early in July. I., leaflets three, rarely 

 five, ovate, acute, coarsely and doulily serrated, white-downy 

 beneath, the lateral ones somewhat stalked. Stems recurved, 

 with hooked prickles. North America, 1696. 



R. odoratus (fragrant). Purple-flowering Raspberry, jl. purplish- 

 rose, showy, 2in. broad ; calyx lobes tipped with a long, narrow 

 appendage; petals rounded ; peduncles many-flowered. June to 

 August. J'r. reddish, flat and broad. /. three to five-Io!ied ; lobes 

 pointed and minutely toothed, the middle one prolonged. Stem 

 3ft. to 5ft. high, not prickly. North America, 1700. (li. M. 523.) 



R. parvifoliUS (small-leaved), ji. red, racemose ; calyx segments 

 tomentose, ovate, short. August and September. .//. red, globose. 

 l. trifoliolate ; leaflets clothed with white toinentum beneath. 

 Stems terete, tomentose. h. 1ft. to 2ft. Japan, 1818. (B. R. 496.) 



R. phoenicolasiUS (purple-haired). /. pale pink, in terminal 

 racemes; calyx l^in. to 2in. in diameter; jietals minute, erect. 

 Midsummer, fr. scarlet, ovoid - oblong, |in. long, of forty or 

 more ellipsoid drupes. I. 5in. to 7in. long, pinnately trifoliolate 

 or the uppermost ones simple ; leaflets crenate-serrated, white- 

 tomentose beneath. Stem tall, sub-scandent. Japan, 1877. 

 Plant covered with stiff, gland-tipped, red-purple hairs. (B. M. 

 6479.) 



R. reflexus (refiexed). Jl. white, racemose, axillary ; sepals 

 ovate, hluntish, equalling the petals; racemes few-flowered, 

 nearly sessile, reflexed. July and August, t. oblong-cordate, 

 three to five-lobed, densely tomentose beneath ; terminal lobe 

 el(mgated. Stems unarmed, straggling. Branches terete. China, 

 1817. Greenhouse. (B. R. 461.) 



R. rossefolius (Rose-leaved). _fl. white, :lin. to Iin. in diameter, 

 solitary or in very loose panicles. August. Jr. orange-red, 

 globose or oblong, of innumerable, minute, glalirous drupes. 

 L, leaflets five to seven, ovate - lanceolate, acuminate, doubly 

 incised-serrated, Iin. to 2in. long, rarely more. Stems erect or 

 inclined, with scattered, hooked prickles. Himalayas, 1811. 

 Greenhouse. (F. d. S. 1714.) 



R. r. coronarius (crowned), ji., petals numerous, much longer 

 than the calyx. (B. M. 1783 ; G. C. n. s., xi. 77 ; L. B. C. 158.) 



R, spectabilis (showy).* Salmon Berry, jl. bright red, very 

 large ; sepals hairy at base, much shorter than the petals ; 

 peciuncles solitiiry or in pairs, one or two-fiowered. May. fr, 

 red, ovoid, more than double the size of the common Rasp- 

 berry, but inferior in flavour. I. nearly glabrous, trifoliolate ; 

 leaflets ovate, acuminate, membranous, somewhat pinnatifid- 



