An Encyclopedia of Horticulture. 



333 



Rudbeckia — continued. 



1803. See Fig. 597. (B. M. 2510 ; S. E. B. 38.) SVN. Lepachys 

 pinnata, 



R. purpurea (purple).* This is the correct name of the plant 

 ilescrilit'd in this wurk as Echinacea purpurea. See Fig. 598. 



R. speciosa (showy).* jl. -heads 2iin. to 4in. across; ray florets 

 orauge-coloureil, contnuiting well with the black -imri:ile ilisk. 

 Summer. I., hnvest ones ovate, strongly ribbed, coarsely to..thi*il, 

 borne on slender stalks 6in. to 9in. long; succeeding cues gradu- 

 ally becoming narrower ; uppermost ones sessile. Stems freely 

 branched below, h. 2ft. to 3ft. A fine plant. (G. C. n. s., 

 xvi. 375.) SVN. R. ycinnanii. 



R. triloba (three-lobed). fi.-heads small, but numerous and showy ; 

 ray florets eight, yellow, ^in, long; disk blackish-purple. August. 

 I., upper ones ovate-lanceolate, sparingly toothed, the lower ones 

 three-lobed, tapering at the base, coarsely serrate ; those from 

 the root pinnately parted or undivided, h. 2ft. to 5ft. 1699. 

 Plant hairy, much-branched. (B. R. 525.) 



RUDDIiES. An old name for Marigolds. 



RUD£RAIi. Growing in waste places or amongst 

 rubbish. 



RUDGEA (named in honour of Edward Rudge, an 

 English botanist, who pnblisbed in 1G06 " Plantarum 

 Guiana? Icones"). Ord. Ruhiacecc. A genus compri.sing 

 about forty-five species of glabrous or pubescent, stove 

 shrubs or small trees, natives of tropical America. 

 Flowers mediocre or rather large, paniculate, sessile or 

 pedicellate, rarely capitate ; calyx tube ovoid or ob- 

 conical ; limb of five, rarely four, persistent segments or 

 parts ; corolla cylindrical or funnel-shaped, the tube 

 usually straight and elongated, the throat naked or 

 bearded, the limb of five, rarely four, erect or spreading 

 lobes ; stamens five, or rarely four. Leaves opposite, 

 sub-sessile or petiolate. coriaceous ; stipules often carti- 

 laginous, sometimes thickly coriaceous and inflated. For 

 culture of the species best known in gardens, see 

 Coffea. 



R. macrophylla (large-leaved), fl, cream-colour, sessile ; fascicles 

 densely clustered in globose heads ; corolla segments obtuse ; 

 peduncles short. Summer. I. large, sub-sessile, obovate-oblong, 

 narrowed at base. h. 6ft. Brazil, 1867. (B. M. 5655; F. d. S. 

 1720; G. C. n. s., xii. 81.) 



RUDIMENTARY. Imperfectly developed ; incom- 

 plete. 



RUDOIiFHIA (named after Charles Asmund Rudolph, 

 1771-1S32, a botanist of Jena). Ord. Leguminosce. A 

 genus comprising two or three species of handsome, stove, 

 twining herbs, confined to St. Dominga. Flowers red, 

 elongated, fasciculate - racemose on axillary peduncles ; 

 calyx tubular, the two upper lobes connate, the lateral 

 ones smaller : standard oblong, erect, inappendiculate ; 

 bracts and bracteoles small, narrow. Leaves one-foliolate, 

 stipellate. The two species described below are probably 

 not in cultivation. 



R. rosea (rose-coloured). /. scarlet, iin. long, in pedunculate 

 racemes. June. Pods pubescent. L, leaflet ovate - oblong, 

 glabrous, acuminated. Branches smooth, glabrous. 1826. 



R. volubilis (twining). /. scarlet, l^in. long ; racemes bearing 

 flowers from the base. July. I. glabrous, cordate-ovate, acumi- 

 nate. Branches dotted from tubercles. 1820. 



RUDOLFHCEMERIA. 



(which t-ee). 



A synonym of Eniphofia 



RU£ {Ruta graveolens). A hardy evergreen, somewhat 

 shrubby plant, native of Southern Europe, cultivated in 

 gardens for its use medicinally ; the leaves emit a 

 powerful odour, and have an exceedingly acrid taste. 

 The plant grows almost anywhere, but thrives best in 

 a partially sheltered and dry situation. Propagation 

 may be effected by seeds, sown outside, in spring ; and 

 by cuttings or rooted slips, taken at the same season, 

 and inserted for a time, until well rooted, in a shady 

 border. 



RUE, G-OAT'S. See Galegfa o£B.cinalis. 



RURIiLIA (named in honour of John Ruelle, of 

 Soissons, 1474--1537, botanist and physician to Francis I. ; 

 he published a treatise, " De Natura Plantarum," in 1530). 



Ruellia — continued. 



Including Arrhostoxyliim, Dipteracanthiis, and Stejjhano- 

 physum. Ord. Acanthacecc. A genus comprising about 

 150 species of stove or greenhouse, pubescent, villous, 

 or rarely glabrous, annual or perennial herbs, sub-shrubs, 

 or shrubs, mostly American, a few being found in Africa, 

 Asia, and Australia. Flowers violet, pale lilac, white, 

 red, or rarely yellow or orange, sessile or sub-sessile in 

 the axils of the leaves or bracts, sometimes solitary or 

 fascicled, sometimes in paniculate cymes ; calyx deeply 

 five-fid or five-parted ; corolla tube straight, incurved, 

 or abruptly bent, dilated upwards ; limb spreading, very 

 oblique or sub-equal, with five ovate or rounded, twisted 

 lobes ; stamens four, included or exserted. Leaves oppo- 

 site, entire or rarely toothed ; bracts often narrow or 

 small. The best - known species are described below. 

 They are pretty, free-flowering plants, and readily thrive 

 in any ligbt, rich soil, with stove heat. Propagation 

 may be effected by cuttings, inserted in similar soil, 

 under a hand glass. 



R. acutangula (acute-angled). Jl. sessile, on axillary peduncles, 

 4in. to 6in. long ; calyx iin. long ; corolla tube lin. long, slightly 

 curved ; limb bright orange-scarlet, yellow at the throat, 2in. 

 in diameter. May. I. 5in. to 8in. long, elliptic-ovate, acuininate, 

 narrowed into the petiole, with many nerves sunk in the surface. 

 Branches obtusely quadrangular. Brazil. A large herb or uuder- 

 shrub. (B. M. 6382.) 



R. Baikiei (Dr. Baikie's).* Jf. opposite, sessile, in a terminal 

 panicle, composed of many-flowered, opposite racemes or spikes ; 

 corolla scarlet, over 2in. long, tubular-infundibuliform, inflated 

 or ventricose in the middle. Winter. /. in opposite pairs, 

 sometimes more than 9in. long, including the petiole, ovate- 

 lanceolate, acuminate, attenuated at base. h. 3ft. West Africa, 

 1858. Sub-shrub. (B. M, 5111, under name of Stephanophysum 

 Baikiei.) 



R. ciliatiflora (fringe-flowered). /. purplish-blue, handsome, 

 two to four or six in a terminal, leafless panicle ; corolla lin. 

 across, the tube about the same length ; margins of limb beauti- 

 fully dentate-ciliate. September, l. opposite, ovate, petiolate, 

 the margins uneciually serrate, more or less hairy ; lower ones 

 more so, and the largest. Stem herbaceous, pubescent-scabrous. 

 h. 2ft. Buenos Ayres, 1838. (B. M. 3718.) 



R, Devosiana (Devos'). _^ white, axillary ; corolla tube sud- 

 ilenly dilated and bent at tlie middle. I. lanceolate, distantly 

 toothed, deep green above, with the course of the veins whitish, 

 entirely purple beneath. Stems purple. Brazil, 1877. Sub- 

 shrub. A very eft'ective foliage plant. (B. H. 1877, 19.) 



R. elegans (elegant), of Hooker. A synonym of R. latebrosa. 



R. formosa (beautiful). /. on axillary, alternate, straight pe- 

 duncles, two or three times longer than the leaves ; corolla tine 

 scarlet, showy; tube Uin. long; two upper lobes of limb con- 

 joined half-way up. Summer, l. opposite, ovate, more or less 

 pointed, rounded at the base, covered on both sides with short 

 iiairs ; petioles not half as long as the leaves, h. 2ft. Brazil, 

 1808. Shrul). (B. M. 1400.) 



R. Herbstii (llerl>st's).* Jl. three to five together, 3in. long; 

 calyx red-purple, ^in. lung ; corolla pale rose-purple, abruptly 

 bent ; limb of five white, patent or recurved, bilobed divisions. 

 September. I. deep dull green, the upper ones of a dull pale 

 purple beneath, 5in. to 7in. long, l^in. to 2in. broad, lanceolate, 

 acuminate, oliscurely sinuated, serrated, h. 3ft. Brazil, 1859. 

 An erect shrub or sub-shrub. (B. M. 5156, under name of 

 Dipter acanthus Herbstii.) 



R, latebrosa (secret), jl., corolla salver-shaped; tube white, 

 purplish ui)wards, curved ; limb very bright blue, of five emargi- 

 nate lobes. Summer. I. opposite, pubescent, ovate, acuminate, 

 coarsely serrated, tapering gradually into a footstalk nearly 

 equalling the leaf in length ; those at the tips of the branches 

 reduced to sessile bracts, h. 2ft. East Indies, 1854. Annual. 

 (B. M. 3389, undername of R. elcjans.) 



R. longifolia (long-leaved). Jl. vermilion ; corolla segments 

 retuse. July. I. obion,L;-liinci.'i>late or oblong, attenuated at both 

 ends, repand or repaiid-ilcntiiulate. /). 2ft. to 3ft. Brazil, 

 1820. A glabrous, perennial lierb. 



R, macrantha (large-flowered). Ji. of a rosy-purple colour, with 

 a light, beauti:ully-veined throat, trumpet-shaped, large, axillary. 

 L long-lanceolate. 1883. A handsome, decorative shrub. (R. H. 

 1881, p. 410.) 



R. macrophylla (large-leaved).* Jl. handsome, sub-secund, in 

 spreatling, di-trichotomous panicles ; corolla briglit scarlet, 2in. to 

 3in. long, the tube curved, broader ujjwards, but laterally com- 

 pressed ; limb large ; lobes soon reflexed. Summer. /. opposite, 

 petiolate, ovate, acuminate, penninerved, reticulated, the mar- 

 gins sinuated or indistinctly toothed, puberulous. h. 3ft. to 4ft. 

 [ New Grenada, Mexico, Ac, 1844. Plant shrubby below, her- 

 baceous above. (B. M. 4448 and B. R. xxxii. 7, under name of 

 ' Stenionacanthus macmphyllus.) 



