360 



The Dictionary of Gardening, 



Sar cantlins — con tinned . 



small, disposed in an erect, racemose panicle l^ft. long. /. 6in. 

 long. Inciia, 1878. A plant of no particular meiit. 

 S, paniculatus (panicled). Jl. yellowish ; sepals and petals 

 marked with two Idood-coloured stripes, linear-oblong, im- 

 liulati'd ; Idaile of lip twodiorned ; spur straight ; spike pani- 

 culate. /. long-lorato, nliliqni-ly liilnbed and obtuse at apex. 

 China. Svn. Arralfs pa nicu latum (B. R. 220). 



S, Parlshii (Parish's). Jl. yellow, with a rose-coloured lip, 

 small, produced in slender spikes. I. lorate, obliquely tipped. 

 Moulmein, 1861. An inconspicuous plant. (B. M. 5217.) 



S. rostratUS (beaked). /I. borne in a simple, horizontal spike 

 equallirij; the leaves ; sepals and petals yellowish-green, with 

 sanguineous margins; lip violet, produced into a beak. l. l.iii- 

 ceolate, acute, flat, sub-recurvetl. China, 1824. (L. C. B. 39ji.) 



S. Striolatus (slightly striated). Jl., sepals and petals orange- 

 coloured, with t\\ u cinnamon, parallel, longitudinal bars ; lower 

 part of the spur white, the upper part of the lip orange. Philip- 

 pine Islands, 1882. 



S. succisus (I(>i>i>eil-off). If., sepals and petals yellowish-green, 

 purple in the middle, obtuse ; lip yellow, blood-coloured at apex ; 

 spike simple, horizontal or deflexed, longer than the leaves. 

 I. obloug, slightly undulated, prtemorse. China, 1824. (B. R. 

 1014.) 



S. teretifolius (terete-leaved). /., sepals and petals yellowish- 

 green, marked with sanguineous veinings, obtuse, reflexed ; lip 

 white, the margins of the throat violet; spur straight, obtuse, 

 pubescent within ; spike simple, horizontal, equalling the leaves. 

 I. terete. China, 1819. (B. JM. 3571.) Syn. Vancla teretifolia 

 (L. C. B. 6). 



S. Willxamsonii (Williamson's). Ji. of a pretty amethyst-colour, 

 disposed in spreading panicle-^. I. pale green, terete. Assam. 

 1865. An ele,i;Hnt little plant, resembling a dinunutive Vanda 

 trrcs. 



SABCOCAFNOS (from sar.>', sarl-ofi, flesh, and 

 Kapnoi<, the Greek name for Fumitory; the species have 

 fleshy leaves). Ord. Papai'eracece. A small genus (four 

 species) of hardy, dwarf, tufted, perennial herbs, in- 

 habiting the Spanish Peninsula or North Africa. Flowers 

 white, yellow, or purplish ; sepals two, scale-Hke : petals 

 four, ereeto-connivent, one of the two outer ones spurred 

 at base, the other flat, the inner ones narrow and 

 cohering at apex ; stamens six ; racemes terminal, few- 

 flowered. Leaves dissected : segments usually broad and 

 rather thick. S. en-neaphylla, the only species intro- 

 duced, thrives in the open border or on rockwork. It 

 may be readily increased by seeds, or by cuttings. 



S. enneaphylla (nine-leaveil). J}, yellow, marked with purplish 

 aliove, small, in short racemes of about ten. June. l. tri- 

 teruately parted, on long, slender i)etioles ; leaflets roundish- 

 ovate, sometimes cordate at base, mucronulate at apex, the 

 terminal one usually larger. Stems 2in. to 5in. high, slender, 

 suffruticose at base. Southern Kurope, &c., 1714. 



SARCOCABF. The fleshy or succulent portion of 

 a drupe, lying between the epicarp and endocarp. The 

 term is sometimes used to generally indicate a baccate 

 fruit. 



SABCOCABFON. A synonym of Kadsura (which 

 see). 



SABCOCAULON (from sar.v, sarkos, flesh, and 

 caulon, a stem ; alluding to the fleshy stems). Ord. 

 GeraniacecB. A genus comprising three species of divari- 

 cately-branched, fleshy or succulent, rigid, greenhouse 

 herbs or sub-shrubs, armed with spines formed out of 

 persistent and hardened petioles ; they are confined to 

 South Africa. Flowers purple, on axillary, one flowered 

 peduncles ; sepals five, imbricated ; petals five, hypo- 

 gynous, imbricated ; stamens fifteen. Leaves small, on 

 the spinous petioles, or tufted or solitary in the axils 

 of the thorns. The species thrive best in a compost 

 of loam, peat, and leaf mould or sand. Propagation may 

 be readily effected by young cuttings, inserted in sand, 

 under a glass ; or by cuttings of the roots. 



S. Burmannl (Burmann's). /. IMn. to 2in. broad ; petals twice 

 as long as the mucronate sepals ; stamens five long and ten 

 shorter. May. /. obovate-cuneate, iin. to 3iu. long, inciso- 

 crenate. glabrous or downy, fleshy, on short petioles, h. lit. 

 1800. (B. M. 5729.) 



S. li'Heretieri (L'Heritier's). Jl., petals not much exceeding the 

 cuspidate, attenuated sepals. May. I. obovate or obcordate, 

 acute or obtuse, entire, glabrous, 'h. 1ft. 1790. This is often 

 confounded with S. Patersoni. 



Sarcocaulon — continued. 



S. Patersoni (Paterson's). fi. smaller than in either of the other 

 species ; petals not twice as long as the obtuse, mucronate 

 si'pals. May. /. euneate or obcordate, obtuse or mucronulate, 

 entire, -lal.ious. h. 2ft. 1827. 



SABCOCEFHAIaUS (from sarx, sarlios, flesh, and 

 I'ephale, a head; alluding to the fleshy heads of fruit). 

 Guinea Peach. Syn. Cephalina. Ord. Rubiacpw. A 

 genus comprising .about eight species of stove shrubs or 

 trees, sometimes climbing, with terete or obtusely quadri- 

 gonal branchlets; they inhabit tropical Asia. Africa, and 

 Australia. Flowers white or yellow ; calyx limb truncate, 

 obscurely five or six-toothed ; corolla tubular-infundibuli- 

 form, the limb of five or six rounded lobes ; heads terminal 

 and axillary, p dunculate, sometimes paniculate, ebrac- 

 teate. Fruit globose, one-celled. Leaves opposite, pe- 

 tiolate, sub-coriaceous ; stipules interpetoliar, mediocre 

 and triangular or ample and obovate, deciduous. S. eacu- 

 lentus is an interesting, climbing shrub, seldom seen 

 in collections. It should be grown in a compost of loam, 

 peat, and sand. Cuttings will root, if inserted in sand, 

 under a glass, in heat. S. cordatus requires similar 

 treatment. 



S. cordatus (heart-shaped). Jl. yellow, in dense, globular heads 

 above lin. in diameter without the .styles ; corolla about ^in. long. 

 May. /. broadly ovate, obtuse, roundetl, euneate, or broadly 

 heart-shaped at base, 4in. to lOin. long, sometimes softly pubescent 

 beneath ; stipules large, quickly deciduous. It. 10ft. or more. 

 Australia and India, 1820. A handsome tree. 8yn. Nautlea 

 condunata. 



S. esculentus (edible). Guinea, Negro, or Sierra Leone Peach. 

 //. pinkisli, in short, terminal, pedunculate or .^essile heads. 

 July. Jr. in heads the size of a peach. I. shortly jietiolate, 

 roundish-oval, shining above, pubescent in the axils of t lie veins 

 beneath ; .stipules solitary, triangular. A tall tret', sonu-tiuies a 

 scanilent slnub, about 20ft. high. Sierra Leone, 1822. 



SABCOCHILUS (from sarx, sarkos, flesh, and 

 cheilos, a lip; alluding to the fleshy lip). Syns. Den- 

 drocolla, Thrixspermum. Including Camarotis. Gu7inia, 

 Micfupera, and Ornitharium. Obd. Orchidew. A genua 

 embracing some thirty species of stove, epiphytal, cau- 

 lescent, not pseudo-bulbous orchids, natives of the East 

 Indies, the Malayan Archipelago, the Pacific Islands, 

 and Australia. Flowers mediocre or small (in <S'. Calceolutt 

 showy) ; sepals and petals spreading, the lateral sepals 

 often more or less adnate to the foot of the column ; 

 lip without a spur, three-lobed, the lateral lobes petaloid 

 or tooth-like, the middle one variable, fleshy ; column 

 erect ; pollen masses two, globose, or four more or less 

 connate in a pair ; peduncles lateral, simple or rarely 

 branched. Leaves coriaceous or fleshy, oblong or linear, 

 distichous, or sometimes very few or deficient. " In 

 many respects, the genus resembles Dendrohium, but 

 differs much from it in the form of the pollen masses, 

 in their attachment to a caudicle, and in the seed cap- 

 sule and seed " (Fitzgerald). The two species of this 

 genus most common in gardens are S. Fitzyeraldi and 

 N. Harfmanni. These should be grown in a green- 

 house temperature, along with such plants as Odonfo- 

 glo.'f.^uin cUri)smiim. They like a moist atmosphere, sub- 

 dued light, and plenty of water at the root always. 

 Peat and sphagnum are the best mixture for them. 

 The species known in gardens are here described. 



S. Calceolus (slipper-like). /. white ; sepals and petals fleshy, 

 oblong, acute ; middle lobe of lip slipper-like, but closed up, 

 the lateral lobes ascending, triangular ; peduncles short, two- 

 flowered. I. oblong, fleshy, obliquely emarginate, obtuse. Stem 

 elongated. Manilla, 1844. (B. R. 1846, 19.) 



S. cochinchincnsis (Cochin China), .rf. yellowish, glutinous ; 

 sepals .striped with brown over the middle nerves outside, and 

 witli some dark yellow patches under the column ; racemes small. 

 I. rather narrow, linear-ligulate, bilobed at apex. Cochin China, 

 1877. Syn. Camarotis cochinchinen.^is. 



S, falcatUS (sickle-shaped). _;?. white, usually three or four, 

 distant ; lateral sepals ailnate to the basal projections of the 

 column ; peduncles scarcely exceeding, sometimes shorter than, 

 the leaves. /. oblong, often falcate, 2in. to 4in. long. Stems 2in. 

 to Sin. high. Australia, 1821. (B. R. 1832.) 



S.Fitzgeraldi (Fitzgerald's).* Ji. snowy-white, spotted with rich 

 lake or maroon ; lip not half the length of the sepals, the lateral 



