An Encyclopedia of Horticulture. 



361 



Sarcochiltts — cnntin ued. 



l<»bes falcate; peduncle, with the raceme, 6in. to 12in. long. 

 t. 3in. to bin. long. Australia, 1877. IlaMt that of S. jalcatus. 



S. Freemanii (Freeman's), rf. yellow, with brownish spots and 

 streaks, nuuienuis in a raceme; sepals very loiiji, narrow-linear; 

 l)etals a little shorter than the sepals ; lip small, saccate, tri- 

 tlentate. I. linulate, here and there untiulated, bidentate, bin. to 

 7in. long, l^in. wide. Assam, 1876. An elegant, dwarf species. 

 SVN. Tlii-ixjat'crmuin Fn'cmanii, 



S. Hartmanni (Hai tmann's). ft. beautiful creamy-white, rather 

 small; sepals and i^etals with brick-red spots at base; side 

 lacinia' of the lip spotted and streaked with brick-red. semi- 

 falcate or oblong, the middle lacinia yellow; callus yellow, with 

 red spots ; raceme dense. I. generally four, rather thick, ligulate, 

 bidentate. Queensland, 1877. Svn. Thrixspcrnmm Hartmanni. 



S. ionosxnuxn (Violet-scented), jl. about lin. across, flat, in 

 an open jianide, with a pleasant, Violet-like scent ; sepals and 

 petals yellow, blotched with cinnamon-brown, obovate, olituse; 

 lip white, with a few red streaks, the liasal lobes acute and 

 much smaller than the middle one. I. ensiform. Manilla, 1844. 

 (B. R. xxxiii. 41.) 



S. olivaceus (Olive-like). Jl., sepals and petals dull jiale purple 

 or yeili I wish-brown, much contracted below the middle ; lip 

 white, streaked with red, about half as long as the sepals ; 

 racemes loose, two or three-flowered, I. oblong, often falcate, 

 2in. to 3in. long. Stems less than lin. long. Australia. 



S. pallidus (pale). Jl. pale yell<^>w, mediocre, eight to fifteen in a 

 slunt r;aeiiie. l. broadly linear, arcuate, ol)liipie at apex, some- 

 « bat three-toothed. Sylhet. SVN. Micmpi-ra pallida. 



S. teres (terete), y?., sepals and petals white, .spotteil, fleshy, 

 olitu.se ; lip white, with a few violet stains and a deep purple, 

 round knob at the end. I. ovate-oblong or oblong, unequal 

 at apex, flat, fleshy, pale green, Sin. long, l.Un. broad. India. 

 SVN. Oniitharintn atriatulum (L. A P. V. ii. i. 117). 



SAH.COCOCCA (from aar.v, sarl'os, flesh, and kokl-os, 

 a berry ; alluding^ to the fleshy fruits). Stn. Lepido- 

 pelma. Ord. Ewphovbiarefp. A pmall genus (three 

 species) of stove or greenhouse, glabrous shrubs, natives 

 of the East Indies and the Malayan Archipelago. Flowers 

 monoecious, apetalous ; racemes small, dense, clustered 

 about the axils. Fruit sub-drupaceous, ovoid or globose, 

 indehiscent. Leaves alternate, shortly petiolate, entire, 

 coriaceous, penniveined or triplinerved. Tlio species in- 

 troduced thrive in sandy loam. Propagation may be 

 effected by cuttings, inserted in sand, under a glass, with 

 a little lieat. 



S. Hookeriana (Hooker's), ./f. yellowish ; inflorescence short, 

 equalling the petioles, loose-flowered ; bracts ovate-lanceolate. 

 June. /. 2in. to 3in. long, narrow-lanceolate, acuminate, acute at 

 base, somewhat coriaceous, slightly shining above or opaque, 

 peniiinerved ; petioles about '|in, long. A. 1ft. to 4ft. Sikkim 

 Himalayas. Half-hardy (hardy in llie Stiutli of Kugland). 



S. saligna (Willow-like). _fl. pale yellow ; inflorescence scarcely 

 exceeding the rather short petioles ; bracts of the male peduncles 

 ovate, acute ; braeteoles oblong-ovate, acuminate. June. /. linear- 

 lanceolate, long-narrowed to the base, with a very long, cuspidate 

 acumen at apex. h. 4ft. Nepaul, 1820. Greenhouse. (B. R. 

 1012, under name of S. prunifoDnis.) 



S. S. coriacea (leathery). Ji., inflorescence loose, nearly equal- 

 ling tlie jietiules ; female peduncles twin or ternate, slender. 

 (H. K. V. 148, under name of Par/nisandra coriacea.) 



S. s. latifolia (broad-leaved). I. broad or narrow ovate-lanceo- 

 late, at'utt' at base. 



SARCOCOIiIiA (an old name used by Pliny for a 

 kind of gnm, from sarx, .svrrA-o.s-, flesh, and kolltf, glue; in 

 reference to tlie resinous secretion from some of the 

 species), Ord. Penceacew. A genus comprising nine or 

 ten species of small, greenhouse, South African shrubs, 

 with the habit and inflorescence of Pe7icea. Flowers 

 often larger ; perianth tnbe cylindrical, often elongated ; 

 lobes valvate, the margins recurved, nearly reduplicate. 

 Floral leaves in the typical species coloured, Sarcocool, 

 a gum-resin now seldom met with, is generally said to 

 be the produce of S. squamosa. Tlie species known to 

 cultivation are here described. For culture, see Fenzea. 



S, imbricata (imbricated). /. pink; perianth jin. loni;-, the tube 

 scarcely loii';er than the lobes ; braeteoles oblong-linear, shorter 

 than the obovate, mucronate bracts. June. I. approxiniate, 

 broadly ovate, acute, four to five lines long ; young ones (juadvi- 

 farious, erect. h. l^ft. 1824. SvN. J'ena'a imbricata (Ji. M. 

 2809). 



S. squamosa (scaly). /. red ; braeteoles linear or linear-.spathu- 



late, ciliated, shorter'than the bracts; bracts imbricated, as 

 large as the leaves, broadly obovate, slightly mucronate, ciliated, 



Vol. III. 



S arcocolla — contin ued. 



resinous, six to eight lines long and broail. June. I. broadly 

 obovate, obtuse, mucronate, Ave to eight lines long, four to six 

 lines broad ; young ones erect ; older ones spreading, mucro- 

 glandular. h. 1ft. 1787. Syns. Pencva SarcocoUa, P. smtavwi-a 

 (B. B. 106). 



SARCOGIiOTTIS. Included under Spiranthes 



(which see). 



SARCOGONUM. A synonym of Muehlenbeckia 



(w'hich see). 



SARCOLOBUS (from sarx, sarkos^ flesh, and lohos, 

 a pod; the seed*vessels are fleshy). Ord. Aselepiadece. 

 A small genus (two or throe species) of stove, twining 

 shrubs, natives of India and tho Malayan Archipelago. 

 Flowers small ; calyx five-parted ; corolla campanulate 

 or sub-rotate, partly Hve-fiil, the lobes twisted; corona 

 wanting ; cymes clustered. Leaves opposite, membranous 

 or rather thick. The species are probably lost to cul- 

 tivation. 



SAKCOPHYLLUS. Included under Aspalafhus. 



SARCOFODIUIlI. The species formerly classed 

 under this name are now removed, by Bentham and 

 Hooker, to BulhoiihijllHin and Dendrobium. 



SARCOSTEMMA (from sarx^ sarkoSj flesh, and 

 stemma, a crown ; tlie leaflets of the inner corona are 

 fleshy). Ord. Asclepiodew. A genus of climbing or de- 

 cumbent, leafless, stove shrubs, with slightly fleshy 

 branches, natives of tropical and sub-tropical Asia, 

 Africa, and Australia. Eight species have been de- 

 scribed, but the number may be reduced to four or five. 

 Flowers rather small ; calyx deeply five-fid ; corolla sub- 

 rotate, deeply five-fid, the lobes twisted; corona often 

 duplex, the outer one annular or cyathiform, the inner 

 one of five erect scales : cymes umbelliform, the re- 

 ceptacle or rachis often clavate. S. Brannnia^ium, the 

 species best known to cultivation, requires culture similar 

 to Cerope^ia (which see). The American species for- 

 merly included in this genus are now referred to Phili- 

 be rt ia . 



S. Brunonianum (Brown's). Jl. bright yellow ; column very 

 short ; inner processes of the corona almost concealing the 

 anthers ; stigma verv shortly conical ; umbels chiefly lateral. 

 India, 1872. (B. M. 6002.) 



SARIBUS. A synonym of Livistona (which see), 



SARMBNTOSE. Producing long runners or gar- 

 ments ; f .;/., those of the Strawberry. 



SARMZENTA (named after Mart. Sarmiento, a 

 Spanish botanist). Ord. Gesneracecc. A monotypic genus. 

 The species is a greenhouse, glabrous shrub, crecTping 

 or climbing over trees and rocks. This wiry - stemmed 

 plant does not always grow well under cultivation. It 

 should be planted in soft peat, mixed with sphagnum and 

 charcoal, and either in a small pan or orchid-basket. 

 Healthy plants have been grown on a piece of soft 

 Tree-fern stem. 8. repens likes abundance of water, 

 shade from bright sunshine, and a position near the glass 

 in a moist greenhouse. It would thrive in a house 

 where Lapagerias are grown. 



S, repens (creeping).* /. scarlet, solitary in the axils, peduncu- 

 latf ; calyx free, five-parted ; corolla tube elongated, swollen ; 

 limb slightly oblique, of five rounded, spreading lobes. Summer. 

 /. oppo.site, ratlier small, somewhat fleshv, entire or with a few 

 teeth. Stems slender. Chili, 1862. (F. d. S. 1646.) 



SAROTBS. Included under Guichenotia (which see). 



SAROTHRA. Included under Hypericum (which see). 



SARRACENIA (named by Tournofort, in honour of 

 Dr. Sarrazin, of (.Quebec, who first sent species from 

 North America to Europe). Indian Cup ; Pitcher Plant; 

 Side-saddle Flower; Trumpet Leaf. Ord. Sarraceniacecr. 

 A genus comprising half-a-dozen species of curious, half- 

 hardy, herbaceous perennials, inhabiting North America. 

 Sepals five, spreading ; petals five, connivent : style ex- 

 panded into a large, umbrella-shaped disk ; scapes one- 



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