An Encyclopedia of Horticulture. 



371 



Saxifrag'a — continued. 

 blaiUliT). Breakstone; Rockfoil ; Saxifrage. Including- 

 Ciliaria, Hirculna, Megnsea, MiscDpetalum, Muscariaj 

 Robert aoni a, and Spnfiilavia. Obd. Sa.rifragece. An ex- 

 tensive genns of mostly hardy, perontiial. rarely annual, 

 highly glabrous, pilose, or glandular, erect or decumbent 

 herbs, natives of the North and South temperate and 

 Arctic zones, rarely found in Asia, and very rare in 

 South America; absent from Australia, South Africa, 

 and the Pacific. Flowers white or yellow, rarely 

 purple or rose, paniculate or corymbose ; calyx tube 

 sliort or elongated, free or adnate at the base with the 

 ovary ; lobes five, erect or spreading, imbricated ; petals 

 five, oiiual or rarely unequal, sometimes fimbriated or 

 gUvntl-bearing at base, perigynous or sub-hypngynous ; 

 stamens ten, rarely five, inserted with the petals. 

 Leaves variable ; radical ones frequently rosulate ; 

 cauline ones generally alternate ; petioles sheathing at 

 base. A dozen species are indigenous to Britain. The 

 best-known species are described below ; all, except 

 where otherwise stated, are hardy perennials. With few 

 exceptions. Saxifragas are amongst the easiest of plants 

 to cultivate, they may be grown in any open soil, and 

 generally prefer to be surrounded with stones. Propa- 

 gated readily by oftsets or l>y division of the tufts. Great 

 variation is represented in the habits of the numerous 

 species. They arc nearly all beautiful and interesting 

 subjects. 



Fig. 425. Saxifuag.v r.i;si,\, showing Haliit and detiiehed 

 Rosette of Leaves. 



S. adscendens (ascendinf;). /. wiiite ; calyx and peduncles 

 hispid ; pt* t ds ohovate, retuse. April. I. fleshy, threedobed ; 

 radical ones cordate, on rather Ions petioles, witli tlie lobes 

 incised ; cauline ones somewhat cunt'ifrjnn, thi:^ uppernmst 

 entire. />. 3in. North America, ttc, 1752. Annujil. SYiN. 

 S. )>,>tnv,t (i;. M. 3026). 



S, adscendens (.ascending), nf Vahl. A synonym of .S*. aqtiatica. 



S. aizoides (Aizoondike).* _fl. -oranse or golden-yellow, dotted 

 with rt'd, Un. in diameter; petals distant. June and Jnly. 

 /. linear-i'ldong, crowded below, scattered on the flowering stems, 

 Ain. to 2in. long, spreading ; lower ones veflexed, often ciliated. 

 Stems decumbent, tufted, much-branched ; branches 3in. to Sin. 

 long. .-Mpine and Arctic Enrope (Britain). (Sy. En. B. 551.) 



S. Aizoon (Ai/.oon). fl., petals cream-colour, f)ften spotted at the 

 liase, (ibdvate ; scape many-flowered, erect, clanuny-pubescent. 

 .lut e. /. clustered at the root, persistent, thick, spathulate. with 

 white, cartilaginous, toothed margins, h. 5in. to lOin. Europe, 

 North America, 1731. »jj/(or is a smaller form. Svn. S. intacta. 



S. Andrewsii (Andrews'), /f. , petals white, dotted with puiple 

 al>ove the middle, oblong. Summer. I. rather thick, sparsely 

 hairy ; basal ones spathulate, nearly Ungulate, fliit, cuneate- 



Saxifrag'a — vo7Ltinued. 



attenuated, very obtuse, minutely crenate-serrated ; cauline ones 

 oblong, serrated. Stems erect, glandular-hairy, fewdeaved ; 

 branches racemose, k. bin. 1848. A hybrid between S. Gcum 

 and S. Aizoo)}. 



S, aquatica (aquatic), fl. white, lar^e, shortly pedicellate ; calyx 

 segments ovatedanceolate. longer than the tube ; petals obovate- 

 oblong, nune th:in twice the length ot the calvx; inflorescence 

 loose below, crowded above. Jnly and August. I. fleshy, 

 sparsely pilose, dilated at hiise ; cauline ones sessile, iucised- 

 trilobed above the middle. Stems simple or racemose-paniculate 

 from the base. //. 1ft. to lift. Pyrenees. (K. G. 1167.) SvN, 

 .S'. tnhrnidfiiH (of Vahl). 



S. aretioides (Aretia-like).* jh, petals golden-yellow, crenulate, 

 with several straight nerves; corymli dense, few-flowered; 

 peduncles clothed with clammy down. May to July. /. aggre- 

 gate, linear ligulate, ujiright, nuicronulate, keeled, glaucous, with 

 cartilaginous margins. /(. ^in. Pyrenees, 1826. (B. M. 5849.) 



S. bronchialis (broncliial). /. cream-coloured ; calyx segments 

 oblongdanceolate, glabrous ; petals oblong, twice as long as the 

 calyx ; pedicels ghmchilar, erecto-patent. May. I. rather rigid, 

 hnear-lanceolate, nuicronulate at apex, the margins ciliated or 

 ciliate-spinulose. Stems ascending, densely leafy at l)ase; flori- 

 ferous ones paniculate above, h. 6in. North America, 1819. 

 S'iN'. .S. dciisa. 



S. Burseriana (Burser's).* fi. milk-coloured, large and beautiful, 

 lined witli yellowish nerves ; petals roundish, with curled edges. 

 March to June. i. rosulate, triquetrous, pungent, smooth, glau- 

 cous. Stems usually one-flowered, h. l^in. Alps, 1826. Plant 

 densely tufted. (Gn., Sept. 17, 1877.) 



S, B. major (larger).* fi. white, soliLiry, on peduncles about 2in. 

 high. I. acute, ciliated, in small, dense rosettes. 1884. A beau- 

 tiful little lockwork plant. (G. C. n. s., xxi. p. 141.) 



S, CSesia (grey).* fi. milk-coh.nred, disposed in a .'^mall panicle; 

 petals roundish, nnguiculate. May and June. I. linear-oblung, 

 aggregate, recurved, keeled, the upper surface with marginal 

 dots regularly disposed ; cauline ones few. Stems (and peduncles) 

 smoothish. h. l^in. to 3in. Alps, 1752. See Fig. 425. (J. F. A. 

 374; L. B. C. 421.) 



S, C£espitosa (tufted).* /. white, campanulate, few, small, 

 crowded. July ami August. /. cuneate, three to tive-lobed ; 

 lobes sub-parallel, obtu.se ; upper cauline leaves undivided. 

 h. Sin. Europe (Britain). Plant densely tufted, with short, 

 flowerless shoots, (Sy. En. B. 556.) 



Fig. 426. Saxifraga Cami'OSII. 



S, Camposii (Don Pedro del Campo's).* fi. white, |in. in diameter, 

 corymbose, inclined; petals spatliulate, twice as long as the 

 stamens. May. /. very variable, jin. to ^in. in diameter, flabel- 

 lately three to five-cleft, with simple, obtuse or sub-acute teeth, 

 or broader and deeply three to five-Iobed, with the lobes three 

 or more toothed ; petioles Km. to lin. long. h. 3in. to 6in. 

 Spain, &c., 1882. See Fig. 426. (B. M. 6640.) Sin. S. Wallace i 

 (of gardens). 



S. ceratophylla (h(n-n-leaved). A synonym of S. trijtircata. 



S. cernua (dr-ioping). /.white, iin. to !;in. in diameter, droop- 

 ing ; calyx lobes erect, olituse ; petals obovate. Jnly. I. petioled, 

 reniform, palmately deeply crenate or lobnlate ; radical ones Ain. 

 to |in. in diameter, often tinged with red; cauline ones sessile, 



