386 



The Dictionary of Gardening, 



SCHMIDELIA (named after C. C. Schmidel, 1718- 



17'.'2, Professor of Hotany at Erlang-en). Syns. Allo- 

 plujlliifi, Aporo.fira, Ornifrophe. Okd. Hapindaceas. A 

 large gfenus (aljout eif^hty species) of stove, erect or siib- 

 eroct ahrubrt or small trees, mostly tropical American ; 

 several are found in tropical and South Africa, tropical 

 Asia, the Pacific Islands, and Australia. Flowers small 

 or minute, g-lobose, in simple or looscly-panicled, axillary 

 racemes ; sepals and petals four, the latter rarely absent. 

 Leaves alternate, exstipulate, one to three (rarely five) 

 foliolate ; leaflets usually ample, entire or serrated, mem- 

 branous, often dotted or lined. A few of the species 

 have been introduced, but they are probably lost to cul- 

 tivation. 



SCHCEKTIA (named in honour of Dr. Schffin,a botanist). 

 Ord. (■innpD.silip. A monotypic genus, differing from 

 Helichnjfium- chiefly in the flat acheues of the circum- 

 ference. The species is an erect, coryrabosely-branched, 

 scabrous-pubescent or more or less cottony-woolly, green- 

 house annual. It re([uires culture similar to that re- 

 commended for Helichrysum. 



S, Cassinlana (Cassini's). jt.'headu yellow, disposed in a loose, 

 teniiiniil cnrynili ; uutt'i- involucral bracts usually brown, the 

 radiatiiif; lauiiuiH of the inner bracts white or pink. April. 

 I. lanceolate or linear, or the lower ones oblong-spathulate. tlie 

 longest above 2in., the upper ones few and small. Ii. 1ft. to 2ft. 

 Australia 1845. (L. .1. K. 149; li. M. 4650 and F. d. S. 630, 

 mider name of N. >ij>pi'slrifi>iia.) 



SCH<ENOPRASUM. Included under Allium. 



SCHCENORCHIS (from achoinos, a rush, and Orchis; 

 in referenoi-' to the Rush-like leaves). Ord. Orchldea'. 

 A monotypic genus. The species — a stove, epiphytal 

 orchid, with rather small, racemose flowers, linear-terete, 

 sub-distichous leaves, and elongated, leafy stems—has 

 not yet been introduced to cultivation. It is a native 

 of Java. 



SCHCENUS (from Srhuinos. an old Greek name for 

 a Eush or Sedge as far back as Homer). Including OicbIo- 

 sjiora. Ord. Cyperacecc. A genus comprising about sixty 

 species of stove, greenhouse, or hardy, u.«ually perennial, 

 Rush -like herbs, chiefly inhabiting temperate regions. 

 Spikelets few-flowered, often fascicled ; fascicles forming 

 a dense, terminal head, or variously apicate or paniculate. 

 S. ferriKjineuf! and 8. nujricans are British plants. 

 Several exotic species have been introduced, but they 

 possess no interest from a garden standpoint. 



SCHCEFFIA (named in honour of John Schocpf, a 

 German botanist). Syns. Codonium, Hcenkea. Ord. 

 Olacinece. A genus comprising about ten species of 

 stove or greenhouse, glabrous shrubs or small trees, 

 natives of tropical Asia and America. Flowers pale 

 yellow or white, often comparatively large, disposed in 

 short, sometimes very short, axillary, solitary or fascicu- 

 late racemes ; calyx small, cyathiform ; disk hypogynous. 

 adnate with the ovary; petals four to six, coalescing in 

 a tubular-campanulate corolla. Leaves entire, coriaceous. 

 8. fragrans, the only species introduced, thrives in a 

 compost of peat, loam, and sand. Rooted cuttings should 

 be inserted in sand, under a hand glass, in heat. 



S. fragrans (flagrant). Jl. yellow, fragrant, iin. in diameter ; 

 racemes half the length of the leaves ; rachis slender ; pedicels 

 six to eight, ^in. to Iin. long. June. I. narrow-lanceolate, 

 acuminate, scattered, 2in. to 3in. long, acute at both ends ; 

 petioles iin. long, channelled above. Branches terete, smooth. 

 h. 15n. Nepaul. 1827. 



SCHOLIiHRA. A synonym of Oxycoccus (which 



see). 



SCHOIiLIA. A synonym of Hoya (which see). 



SCHOMBUROKIA (named after Sir R. Scbomburgk. 

 lS04-lS(i.^, a traveller in Guiana, and other parts of 

 South America). Ord. Orcliidece. About a dozen .species 

 have been referred to this genus ; they are stove, 

 epiphytal, pseudo-bulbous or caulescent orchids, natives 

 of tropical America. Flowers showy, pedicellate ; sepals 



Schomburgkia — continued, 



and petals free, spreading, undulated: lip erect, shortly 

 connate with the base of the straight or incurved column, 

 the middle lobe rounded or broadly two-Iobed and flat, 

 or narrower and undulated, the side lobes loosely in- 

 folding the column ; pollen masses eight ; bracts per- 

 sistent ; raceme borne on an elongated peduncle. Leaves 

 ovate, oblong, or elongated, thickly coriaceous or rigidly 

 fleshy. The most desirable species are described below. 

 " They succeed in the Cattleya house on blocks, or in 

 baskets suspended from the roof, in moss, or moss and 

 peat mixed together : or they may be grown in pots 

 equally well, if that system is preferred. A liberal supply 

 of water is necessary during the growing season ; but 

 after they have completed their growth, water should 

 be withheld until they begin to show flower. Propagation 

 is effected by parting the stems " (B. S. Williams). 



S, crispa (curled), fl., sepals and petals brown, oblong, having a 

 yt'Uiiw, undulated uiargjn ; lip white, ovate-oblong, olitiise, oli- 

 scurely three-lobed ; raceme broad, crowded; peduncle arising 

 from the base of the upper leaf, 3ft. to 4ft. long. Winter, l. two 

 or three at the tip of the stem, oblong-lanceolate. Stems fusi- 

 form, 1ft. high. Demeiura, 1844. This specie.s docs l)est in a 

 pot or Itasket ; the flowers are sometimes wholly of a ilull 

 brick-red. (15. U. 1844, 23 ; L. S. O. 10.) 



S. grandiflora (large-flowered). A synonym of .S'. tibichiis 

 Urau.h/loni. 



S. Lyonsi (Lyons'), /f. on long pedicels ; sepals and petals white, 

 .spotted and tran.sversely barred with piuple, ovate, obtuse, 

 crispy; liji white, yellow-edged, scarcely spotted, acute; raceme 

 broad, numy-flowered ; scape 3ft. Ut 4f*t. long. Atigust. /. like 

 those of .S. crinpa. Stems about 1ft. high. Jamaica, 1853. This 

 species, which has been called "the prettiest of the genus." 

 succeeils either in a basket or on a block. (15. AL 5172 ; K. d. S. 

 2150.) 



S. marginata (margined), fi., sepals and petals dull brick-red, 

 oblong, spreading, remarkably crisped or undulated ; lijt nearly 

 white, tinged with pink, yellow at base, ublong-ovate, less 

 waved tlian the sepals ; .stalk 1ft. to lift, high, V>earing a broad 

 racenie (u- roryndi. I. two or three to a pseudo-bulb, large, 

 (pbl(»ng-lanceohite, coriaceous. Pseudo-bulbs oblong, furrowe<l, 

 stinitate, and sheathed with pale brown scales. Surinam, 1838. 

 (li.'.M. 3729; b. S. (). 13.) 



S. tibicinis(c-uw-horn). Cow-horn Orchid. Jl. 2iu. to 3in. across, 

 niauy, in a terminal panicle ; sepals and petals pale mauve-pui'ple, 

 tiushed witli crimson, oblong, obtuse, wavy ; lip white, rose- 

 coloured on the large, erect side lobes; scape 5ft. or mure long. 

 iMay and .lune. /. two or three, oblong, spreading. Stems 

 conical in nutline, horn-shaped, annulate, furrowed, lift. long, 

 linllnw, of ample size. Honduras, 1834. A truly noble plant, 

 succi'edinj; best on a block, with plenty of heat and moisture. 

 (\V. <). A. 205.) SVN. Epidendrum tibicinis. 



S, t. grandiflora (large-flowered).* ji. more handsomely coloured 

 and larger than in the type ; sepals and petals rather pale purple, 

 deei>er and redder inside, especially towards the ends ; side 

 lobes of the lip purplish towards the eilges outside, orange 

 streaked with purple within, the disk white, the Iront lobe 

 white stained with vellow, and bordered with purple. 1844. 

 Syn. S. (jrandi/ora (15. M. 4476 ; B. R. 1845, 30 ; F. d. S. 49). 



S. undulata (\\aved).* /I. densely racemose ; sepals and petals 

 rich bidwui-^li-puiple, rounded and crisped, longer than the liji; 

 lip clear violet-purple, cucuUate, the middle lohe oval, acute or 

 obtuse, the lateral ones rounded ; bracts very long, spathe-like. 

 January. Pseudo-bulbs fusiform. La tiuayra, New (irenada, 

 1843. (W. S. O. ser. ii. 21 ; li. R. xxxi. 53, under name of lUetia 

 n ml II la fa.) 



SCHOTIA (named in honour of Richard Van der 

 Schot, a travelling companion and friend of Jacquin : 

 he died in 1819). Kaffir Bean-tree. Ord. Legwmiiwsa'. 

 A genus comprising four species of greenhouse, unarmed 

 shrubs or small trees, confined to Southern and sub- 

 tropical Africa. Flowers crimson, pink, or flesh-coloured, 

 showy, panicled ; calyx segments four, closely imbricated; 

 petals five, nearly equal, sub-sessile, imbricated ; stamens 

 ten, free or very shortly connate at base ; bracts and 

 bracteoles ovate or oblong, highly caducous. Pods oblong 

 or broadly linear, often falcate, flat-compressed. Leaves 

 abruptly pinnate ; leaflets coriaceous or small ; stipules 

 short. The species, the best-known of which are de- 

 scribed below, are very handsome subjects when in flower. 

 They require similar treatment to Sclmiidelia (which 

 see). 



S. latifolia (bruad-leaved). Elephant Hedge Bean-tree. .//. rose 

 or fiesh-colour, sub-sessile, in excessively branched, axillary and 



