An Encyclopedia of Horticulture, 



391 



S cilia — continued. 



Fig. 450. SciLLA sihirica, showing 

 Single Flower. 



lluliit and ili'tacheil 



line.s long ; scapes one to six, fleshy. Sin. to 6in. long. Febrnaiy. 

 I. two to four, aseenrling, narrow, lorate, at length 4i:i. to 6in. 

 long, four to six lines hrou<l, slightly ciR-uUate. iv.iro;v m Hussia, 

 Siberia. &c., 1796. Hardy. See Fig. 450. (A. 11. U. 365 ; 

 I,. B. V. 151.) SY.NS. S. anurna niltirica {H. M. 1025), .S. amtimula 

 (l>. M, 2408), S'. xuiijlnra. 



S. socialis (smial). Jl., perianth gi-eenish, rounileil-rampanulate, 

 .'^,iii. long, the segments falcate ; peiUcels gin. long, tlie lower ones 

 drooping; raceme dense, twenty to thirty-flowered, ohlnng, lUii. 

 to 2in. long, lin. broad ; scape firm, terete, unspotted, 2in. to 3in. 

 long. Spring. I. three or four, spreading, oblong-lanceolate, 

 acute, 2ln. to 2iin. lony, im. to lin. liroad, slightly narrowed at 

 liase, pale glaucons-gruen and spotted on the face. Cape of Good 

 Hope, 1862. <Jreenhouse. (Ref. li. 180.) 



S. spathulata (sputhulate-leavfd). ./?., perianth greenish outside, 

 purple witliin, nblong-canipanulate, nearly :^in. long; pedicels six 

 til seven lines long, the lower ones drooping ; raceme dense, thirty 

 to forty-flowered, 3in. to 4in. long, l^in. to IJin. bro;id ; scape 

 flexuous, 3in. to 4in. l<»ng. Spring. L five or six, lorate-spathu- 

 late, 6in. to Bin. long, l.Un. to l|in. broad, pale glaucous-green, 

 with deeper ereen and purplish blotches. Cape of Ciood Hope, 

 1862. (Jreenhouse. (Ref. B. 187.) 



S, sub-glauca (rather :;laui-ous). ji., perianth greeni.sh outside, 

 ]»urple wittiin, nlijonti-ranipunulate, \\x\. long; pedicels six to 

 seven Iine> Ioul;, the lower ones drooping; raceme rather loose, 

 thirty to forty-flowered. Sin. to 4in. long, Ijin. or rather more 

 broad; scape spotted, 3in. to 4in. long. Spring. I. tive or six, 

 l(u-ate-lanceolate, 9in. to lOin. long, lin. broad, acute, distinctly 

 narrowed at base, pale glaucous-y^reen on the face, purple-spotted 

 at l«aek. Cape of Cood Hope, 1862. Greenhouse. (Ref. B. 186.) 



S. tricolor (three-coloured). Jl., perianth green, the .segments 

 oblong ; tilanients bright mauve-purple ; lower pedicels s])reatling, 

 iin. or more hing ; raceme dense, oblong-conical, 2in. to 3in. long, 

 liin. to lAin. bruad ; scape flexuous, terete, 6in. to Sin. Ions. 

 Spring. I. six or seven, lanceolate, erecto-patent, glabrous, 1ft. 

 long, 2in. broad, narrowed to lin. at the channelled base, dark 

 ijreen, blotched on the face with lij-hter green, and on the back 

 witli claret-brown. Port Elizabeth, 1880. Greenhouse. 



S. uniflora (one-flowered). A synonym of S. fdhin'ca. 



S. verna (spring). Sea Onion, ./i. fra-raiit : ]ierianth bright blue, 

 lin. in diameter; bracts as long as tlie pedicels, ur lunger; lower 

 pedicels Ain. long; raceme six to twelve-flowered, suli-corymbose 

 or deltoid, ^in. to l,Un. In-oad ; scapes one or two, shorter than 

 the leaves. April and May. I. preceding the flowers, linear, 

 sub-obtuse, 3in. to lOin. long, ^in. to ^in. liroad, recurved, con- 

 cave. Europe (Britain). (Sy. En. B. 1527; F. D. 568, under 

 name of .s'. hifidia.) 



S. versicolor (various-cdloured). rf., perianth whitish, tinged 

 with green, !in. lon^', the se^nnents ligulate, slightly obtuse; 

 anthers blue; lower pedicels at leiiirth spreading, \V\i\. to 2in. 

 long; raceme ratlier dense, flfty to ei;;lity-flowered. 6in. to Sin. 

 Ion;;, 3iin. broad ; scape erect, 6in. to Sin. long. Spring. L six 

 to eight, glabrous, ascending, linear-Iorate, 6in. to Bin. long, four 

 to six lines broad, gTeeu on both sides, acute and narrowed at 

 apex. Cape of Good Hope, 1872. (Jreenhouse. (Ref. B. 305.) 



S, Vlllosa (villous), fi., perianth blue, iin. or rather nuire long, 

 the segments elliptic, rather obtuse ; pedicels erecto-patent, the 

 lower ones Jin. to IJin. lonj; ; raceme -sub-corymbose, six to eight- 

 flowered; scape 2in. to Sin. long. Spring. I. three or four, lorate, 

 spreading, 3in. to 5in. long. Sin. to ^in. broad, ciliated, loosely 

 pilose on the face, channelled below, Barbary, 1831. Hardy. 

 (B. M. 3211.) 



S. zebrina (/.ebra-striped). Ji., penanth greeni.sh and purple, 

 rounded-caniiianidate. lin. Inn-;; pedicels ':t'n. to iin. long, the 

 lower ones dmnpinu; raceme dense, thirty to forty-flowered; 

 scape 4in, to 6in. hwi'A, spotted below. SpVin;^. /- Hve (u- six, 

 ligulate-lanceolate, nearly erect. Sin. to 12in. long. lin. to Ijin. 

 broad, acute, slightly narrowed at base, glaucous-green above, 

 below copiously marked with parallel, vertical bars, and t'twards 

 the base also \\\i\\ liorizontal bars, passin;; into lilotclies of 

 purple. Capeof Gnuil Hope, 1862. Greenhuuse. (Ref. li. 185.) 



SCIMITAR FODS. The pods of Enfada srandens. 



SCINDAFSUS (from Skindapsos, an old Greek name 

 for an Ivy-like plant). Oitp. Aruidt-a' {Anwetr). A genns 

 comprising about nine species of tall, robust, climbing, 

 stove shrubs, natives of tropical Asia, the Indian Archi- 

 pelago, New ({uinoa, and the Fiji Islands. Flowers all 

 perfect, densely disposed on a sessile, (rylindrical, inappen- 

 diculate. hermaphrodite spadis ; spathe cj'mbiform, thick, 

 longer than the spadix ; poiluncle terminal, short, thick. 

 Leaves ovate, oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate ; 

 petioles elongated, sheathing at apex. .S. olJirinalit!. the 

 only species introdnced, requires culture similar to 

 Caladium ( which see) . Some of the plants formerly 

 included here are now placed under Wntphitlopliora. 



S. argyraea (silvery), I. thickly coriaceous, of a beautiful green, 

 unspotted, or with numerous silvery spots, obliquely cordate- 

 ovate, very inequilateral, 4in. t<» 6in. long, 2iin. to 3lin. broad, 

 sliortly and acutely acuminate, the posterior h>bes rounded ; 

 petioles liin. to 2in. long. Stem climbing, the internudes 3in. 

 to 4in. long. Philippine Islands, 1859. Svn. I'othos anji/rica 

 (of gardens). 



S. officinalis (orticinal). Ji., spathe green outside, dirty-yellow 

 witidn, four times as long as the thick peduncle, long-cuspidate ; 

 sjiadix very thick, attenuated at both ends. May. I. as long as 

 the petioles, eniarginate at apex, ovate-oblong, rounded or loosely 

 cordate-eniar^^inate at base, abruptly long-cuspidate at apex. 

 h. 4ft. India, 1820. 



S. picta (painted). Jl., spathe cn.spidate, about 2iin. long ; spadix 

 very sln>rtly stipitate, cylindroid ; peduruMe rather shorter than 

 the petioles. l. obiii[nely olilong. inei|uilateral, roinuled or 

 slightly cordate at base, narrowed at apex into a cusp, coriaceous, 

 dark green above, clou. led and irrei;idarly spotted, paler and 

 unspotted lieneath, 4in. to 5Mn. lon^. .lava, 



SCIODAFHYLLUM. See Sciadophyllmn. 



SCION. A twig emidoj'ed for grafting; a young 

 shoot. 



A synonym of Maianthemum 



SCIOFHTLLA. 



(which st'e). 



SCIKFEiE. A tribe of Cyperacece. 



SCIRFUS (the old Latin name nsed by Pliny, &c., 

 for a Kush). Club Grass or Kuwh, Including Holo- 

 schcims and Isolepis. Tribe Scirpew of Ord, Cijperacece. 

 An extensive genus (about 300 species have been quoted) 

 of stove, greenhouse, or hardy, annual or perennial, 

 marsh or water plants, broadly dispersed. Flowers all 

 hermaphrodite, or the upper ones rarely male, several or 

 many to a sf)ikelet ; stamens three or fewer ; inflorescence 

 variable. Leaves few at the base of the stem, some- 

 times very long, sometimes small and grass-like, or all 

 reduced to sheaths. Nine species are found in Britain, 

 of which the best-known is S. lacusfvis. This grows 

 freely in any boggy soil ; it may be increased by seeds, 

 by suckers, or by divisions. The other species may be 

 similarly treated. 



S. Holoschoenus variegatus (Holoschtenus, variegated), 

 yf., spikelets minute, crowded into heads from .\in. to Ain. in 

 diameter ; stigmas three. Summer, Stems erect, terete, with 

 alternate zones of wliitish and green, A very ornamental, 

 hardy plant, h. 1ft. to l^ft. The green stemmed tyjie has a 

 wide distribution, and is taller and more vigorous ; it occurs 

 on saiuly sea-coasts in Europe (North Devon), North Africa, 

 and Siberia. 



S. lacustris (stream-loving). Bast ; Bullrush. Ji., glumes 

 glabrous, nuicronate or awned, obtusely two-lobed ; spikelets 

 red-brown, one to six. jin. to ^in, long, sessile; cymes terniinal, 

 branched ; branches few, ^in. to 3in. long. July and August. 

 I. wanting, or short, flat, and keeled in still water, or long and 

 strap-shaped in streams. Stems terete or nearly so, 1ft, to 8ft. 

 high. Arctic Eurcuie (Britain), &c. This plant is extensively 

 used in making chair-bottoms, mats, ifcc, in nutst parts of 

 Europe. 



S. riparius (riverside-loving), Jl., spikes numerous and clustered, 

 in a one-sided, compound, umbel-like panicle, tlie principal rays 

 of which mostly surpass the involucral leaf ; involucellate bracts 

 small, scale-like, and rusty-scarious ; scales of the spike rusty- or 

 chestnut-brown, scarions, with a salient midrib extended into a 

 murronate iioint. Culm terete, very tall and stout, from a deep 

 nniniu'; roi.tstoek, naked ; the sheaths at the base bearing a short 

 and imperfect leaf, or none. Extra-tropical regions. A favourite 

 plant for conservatory decoration. Svn. Jsolepis gracUut (of 

 gardens). 



S. setaceus (bristly). Jl., spikelets one to three, lateral, .lin. to 

 :Jin. long, ovoid; glumes green and brown, ovate, obtuse. July 



