CXXXVIII I. TRÄGARDH. 
In 1907 the cone-insects were investigated by LAMPA, who proved that the 
larvae of Laspeyresia strobilella continue feeding on the cones after hibernating 
until June, and who therefore suggests that the cones ought to be shelled as 
soon as possible before the larvae have done any great injury. LAMPA also 
found yellow larvae in the seeds, which he held possibly to be those of Per- 
risia strobi WINN. He did not, however, succeed in breeding them, and the 
larvae were still to be found in the seeds in the following autumn. The num- 
ber of seeds destroyed by these larvae LAMPA found to be 30—380 4. Al- 
though Lampa did not find any pupae in the seeds, still a great number of 
midges made their appearance in the beginning of May; these LAMPA sup- 
posed to be another species. On closer examination he found in the base 
of the scales cavities containing white cocoons, from which midges emerged 
resembling those previously hatched, but not answering to the description of 
Perrisia strobi. "These cocoons were obviously the same which WAHLGREN 
. had discovered. 
In addition to these insects Lampa found small, green, polished hymenop- 
tera, emerging from holes in the seeds, and in the seeds he found white 
larvae with brown mandibles, 
In 1910 SYLVÉN observed a midge emerging from spruce-tree seeds which 
he believed to be Plemeliella abietina SEITNER, described in 1908 by SEITNER 
from spruce-tree seeds from Idria in Carniola. 
In 1914 the present writer gave a short review of the more important in- 
sect pests of the pine and spruce-tree cones. 
Laspeyresia strobilella YI. 
The map fig. 3 shows that this moth is distributed all over the country. 
For details of the larva and the pupa the reader is referred to figs. 4—717. 
As parasites of the moth in Sweden the following insects were known: Veme- 
ritis cremastoides HIGN., Ephialtes glabratus RAvz and Bracon anthracinus NEES(?). 
To this number the present writer was only able to add one species, Kpru- 
rus gemculatus KRB. Nemeritis cremastoides HGN (fig. 8) is distributed all over 
the country (see map fig. 9) and occurred in 78 2 of the localities.  Ephui- 
altes olabratus RATz. (fig. 10) also occurs all over the country (fig. 11), but 
seems to be less common than Vemerifis, being present only in 25.4 2 of 
the localities. Epiurus geniculatns KRB. is very rare, having been found only 
in three localities, Köping, Kinne and Böda. The present writer suggests, 
therefore, that it is a parasite of Phvcis abrietella and only occasionally has 
remained in the cones, because its host was killed before it had time to leave 
the cones. Bracon sp. (fig. 13) has not yet been identified, but it is closely 
related to B. anthracinus NEES, It is common all over the country, having 
been found in 67 & of the localities (see map fig. 14). 
Table I (pag. 1160) shows that Ephialtes olabratus is the least important 
of the parasites of Laspeyresia, being rare and seldom occurring in any num- 
ber, only in one locality 20—30 4 of Laspeyresia being parasitized by it, 
while in 73 & of the localities not more than 5 & were parasitized. 
Nemeritis cremastoides and Bracon sp. play a much more important part, 
especially the former, on account of its common occurrence, having in many 
localities parasitized more than 20 2 of Laspeyresia strobilella. Tt is of course 
