Etmopterus, 89 
“of spiracle 107, distance between spiracles 24, distance between eye and spiracle 6}, 
length of mouth-cleft about 2, distance between tip of snout and middle of upper lip 
about 2, between tip of snout and posterior end of labial groove 14, between posterior 
end of base of second dorsal and root of upper lobe of caudal 12, length of spine of 
first dorsal 62, spine of second dorsal 3 in head as measured from tip of snout to first 
gill-opening. 
Body moderately elongate, rather slender, compressed ; caudal peduncle rather 
long, very slender ; upper contour of body evenly curved, but the lower nearly straight, 
highest part of body at the origin of first dorsal ; tail bent slightly upward. Head large, 
thick, depressed ; eye large, high up, without nictitating membrane ; skin about eye 
more or less loose, forming a pit in front of and behind eye ; interorbital wide, very 
‘broadly rounded; snout short, abruptly curved in profile from about nostrils forward ; 
spiracles large, oval, superior, at a short distance behind eye; gill-openings five in 
number, small, all entirely in front of pectoral; posterior gill-openings smaller and 
more close together than anterior ones; the posteriormost one very close to root of 
pectoral ; nostrils nearer tip of snout than eye, superficially separated into anterior and 
posterior ones by anterior and posterrior flaps ; anterior nostril rounded in outline but 

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