Cavallas and Pampanos 489 
are known as Ao, or bluefishes. Seriola lata is fossil in the 
mountains of Tuscany. 
The runner, Elegatis bipinnulatus, differs from Seriola in 
having a finlet behind dorsal and anal. It is found in almost 
all warm seas, ranging north once in a while to Long Island. 
The mackerel scads (Decapterus) have also a finlet, and on 
the posterior part of the body the lateral line is shielded with 
bony plates. In size and form these little fishes much resemble 
small mackerel, and they are much valued as food wherever 
abundant. Decapterus punclatus, known also as cigar-fish and 
round-robin, frequently visits our Atlantic coasts from the West 
Indies, where it is abundant. Decapterus russelli is the Maru- 
ajt, highly valued in Japan for its abundance, while Decapterus 
muroadsi is the Japanese muroaji. 
Megalaspis cordyla abounds in the East Indies and Poly- 
Fic. 384.—The Saurel, Trachurus trachurus (Linnezus). Newport, R. I. 
nesia. It has many finlets, and the bony plates on the lateral 
line are developed to an extraordinary degree. 
In Trachurus the finlets are lost and the bony plates extend 
the whole length of the lateral line. The species known as 
saurel and wrongly called horse-mackerel are closely related 
and some of them very widely distributed. 
Trachurus trachurus common in Europe, extends to Japan 
where it is the abundant maaji. Trachurus mediterraneus is 
common in southern Europe and Trachurus symmetricus in 
California. Trachurus picturatus of Madeira is much the same 
