The Bass and their Relatives 561 
and golden stripes and a black spot at the shoulder. It abounds 
in the West Indies. . 
On the coast of Japan and throughout Polynesia are nu- 
merous: species of Lethrinus and related genera, formed and 
Fie. 453—Archosargus unimaculatus (Bloch), Salema, Striped Sheepshead. 
Family Sparide. 
colored like snappers, but with molar teeth and the cheek with- 
out scales. A common species in Japan is Lethrinus richardsont. 
Fossil species of Diplodus, Sparus, Pagrus, and Pagellus 
occur in the Italian Eocene, as also certain extinct genera, 
Sparnodus and Trigonodon, of similar type. Sparnodus macro- 
phthalmus is abundant in the Eocene of Monte Bolca. 
The Picarels: Mznidz.—The /e@nide, or Picarels, are elongate, 
gracefully formed fishes, remarkable for the extreme protrac- 
tility of the upper jaw. Sptcara smarts and several other 
small species are found in the Mediterranean. Emumelichthys 
contains species of larger size occurring in the West Indies and 
various parts of the Pacific, chiefly red and very graceful in 
form and color. Emmelichthys vittatus, the boga, is occasionally 
taken in Cuba, Erythrichthys schlegeli is found in Japan and 
Hawaii. 
The Mojarras: Gerride.— The Gerride, or Mojarras, have 
the mouth equally protractile, but the form of the body is 
different, being broad, compressed, and covered with large 
