Labyrinthici and Holconoti 589 
species, for which reason almost every species has been prop- 
erly made the type of a distinct genus. The two ‘species 
found in Japan are Ditrema temmincki and Neoditrema ran- 
sonnett. _In the latter species the female is always toothless. 
Close to Ditrema is the blue surf-fish of California, Embiotoca 
jacksont, the first discovered and perhaps the commonest 
species. T@ntotoca lateralis is remarkable for its bright colora- 
tion, greenish, with orange stripes. Hypsurus caryt, still brighter 
in color, orange, green and black, has the abdominal region 
very long. Phanerodon furcatus and P. atripes are dull silvery 
in color, as in Damalichthys argyrosomus, the white surf-fish, 
which ranges northward to Alaska, and is remarkable for the 
extraordinary size of its lower pharyngeals. Holconotus rhodo- 
terus is a large, rosy species, and Amphistichus argenteus a large 
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Fie. 480—Silver Surf-fish (viviparous), Hypocritichthus analis (Agassiz). 
Monterey. 
species with dull yellowish cross-bands. Rhachochtlus toxote s 
is the largest species in the family and the one most valued 
as food. It is notable for its thick, drooping, ragged lips. 
Hyperprosopon arcuatus, the wall-eye surf-fish, is brilliantly 
silvery, with very large eyes. H. agassizt closely resembles 
it, as does also the dwarf species, Hypocritichthys analis, to 
which the Japanese Neoditrema ransonnett is very nearly re- 
lated. The other species are all small. Abeona minima and 
A. aurora feed on seaweed. Brachyistius frenatus is the smallest 
of all, orange-red in color, while its relative, Zalembius rosaceus, 
