Chromides and Pharyngognathi 601 
julis and Cirrhilabrus. In Gomphosus the snout is prolonged 
on a long slender tube. In Chezlio the whole body is elongate. 
In Intistius the first two dorsal spines form a separate fin, 
the forehead being sharp as in Xyrichthys. Other widely 
distributed genera are Anampses, Lepidaplois, Semicossyphus, 
Duymeria, Platyglossus, Pseudolabrus, Hologymnosus, Macro- 
pharyngodon, Corts, Julis, Hemipteronotus, Novaculichthys, 
Cheilinus, Hemigymnus, and Cymolutes. Halicheres is as abund- 
ant in the East Indies as in the West, one of its species 
Halicheres pecilopterus being common as far north as Hako- 
date in Japan. In this species as in a few others the sexes 
are very different in color, although in most species no external 
sexual differences of any sort appear. In the East Indian 
genus, Pseudocheilinus, the eye is very greatly modified. The 
cornea is thickened, forming two additional lens-like structures. 
The small family of Odacide differs from the Labride in 
having in each jaw a sharp cutting edge without distinct teeth 
anteriorly, the pharyngeal teeth being pavement-like. The 
scales are small, very much smaller than in the Scaride, the 
body more elongate, and the structure of the teeth different. 
The species are mostly Australian, Odax balteatus being the 
most abundant. It is locally known as kelpfish. 
In the Szphonognathide the teeth are much as in the Odacide, 
but the body is very elongate, the snout produced as in the 
cornet-fishes (Fistularza), and the upper jaw ends in a long skinny 
appendage. Szphonognathus argyrophanes, from Australia, reaches 
a length of sixteen inches. 
The Parrot-fishes: Scaride.—The parrot-fishes, or Scarid@, are 
very similar to the Labride in form, color, and scales, but 
differ in the more or less complete fusion of the teeth, a char- 
acter which varies in the different genera. 
Of these the most primitive is Calotomus, confined to the 
East Indies and Polynesia. In this genus the teeth are united 
at base, their tips free and imbricated over the surface of the 
jaw. 
The species are dull in color, reddish or greenish. Caloto- 
mus japonicus is the Budai or Igami of Japan. Calotomus 
sandwichensis and Calotomus trradians are found in Hawaii, 
and Calotomus xenodon on the offshore islands of Mexico. 
