The Squamipinnes 611 
salmon-red and the species live just below the depths ordinarily 
explored by fishermen. Antigonia capros is found at Madeira 
and in the West Indies, Antigonia steindachneri about Hawaii 
and in Japan, while the smaller Antigonia rubescens is abundant 
in the Japanese bays at a depth reached by the dredge. An 
extinct genus, Proantigonia from the Miocene is said to connect 
Antigonta with Capros. 
The Arches: Toxotide.—The archers, Toxotide, have the body 
compressed, the snout produced, and the dorsal fin with but five 
spines. The skeleton differs widely from that of Chetcdon and 
the family should perhaps rather find its place among the per- 
coids. Toxotes jaculatrix is found in the East Indies. The 
name alludes to its supposed habit of catching insects by shoot- 
ing drops of water at them through its long mouth. 
The Ephippide.—With the typical Squamtpinnes, the teeth 
become very slender, crowded in brush-like bands. The least 
specialized family is that of Ephippide, characterized by the 
presence of four anal spines and a recumbent spine before the 
dorsal. The principal genus, Ephtppus (Scatophagus),; is repre- 
sented by Ephtppus argus, a small, bass-like fish, spotted with 
black, found in the Indian seas, and ranging northward to For- 
mosa. Species referred to Ephtppus (Scatophagus) are recorded 
from the Italian Eocene of Monte Bolca, where a species of 
Toxotes has been also found. 
The Spadefishes: Ilarchide.—In the Jlarchide the dorsal is 
divided into two fins, the spinous part being free from scales. 
In various regards the species are intermediate between ordinary 
perch-like forms and the chetodonts. In these fishes the body 
is very deep and, with the soft fins, closely covered with roughish 
scales. In Ilarches (Ephippus), represented by Ilarches orbis 
of the Indian seas, these scales are relatively large. This 
species is a common food-fish from India to Formosa. 
In the American genus, Chetodipterus, the scales are quite 
small. The spadefish (Chetodipterus faber), sometimes called also 
moonfish or angel-fish, is a large, deep-bodied fish, reaching a 
length of two feet. It is rather common from Cape Cod to Cuba, 
and is an excellent pan fish, with finely flavored white flesh. 
The young are marked by black cross-bands which disappear 
with age, and in the adult the supraoccipital crest is greatly 
