HOW SOME GROWN-UP BIRDS GET A LIVING. 141 
Now, running toward the plovers in one direc- 
tion, toward the rails in the other, toward the geese 
forms in a third, and the pelican forms in the fourth, 
with some bird-of-prey tendencies in the fifth, is a 
group of birds known as waders, composed of two 
orders—the crane forms and the heron or stork forms. 
These two do not show such strong relationship ex- 
cept in feeding habits. Both are usually characterized 
by long wading legs “ with the pants rolled up high,” 
and long, narrow and sharp-pointed beaks for spearing 
and reaching deep into the water. They often thrust 
the beak unopened into the prey. Some heron forms, 
however (spoonbill, ibis), 
have a spoon-shaped bill, 
bent bills, boat - shaped 
bills, ete., in keeping with 
their habits, and the beak 
is also varied in the crane 
forms. One of these, the 
serriema, has a _hawk- 
shaped beak. We can not 
dwell upon the peculiar- 
ities of the feeding of 
these groups. Some of 
the forms, as storks, are 
almost exclusively up- 
land. 
The seizing elaws and “4 typical shales foot of the bald 
tearing hooked beaks of EON ee 
all the birds of prey render their method of feeding well 
known. Here is the first use of the foot as a prey- 

