260 
state of, 100; traits of, 123-125; 
diagram of, 202, 212. 
Primaries, shank, song, and flight, 
and, 176. 
Progress (see Mora), and music, 77, 
87 ; by monogamy, 89; by incuba- 
tion, 96 ; shown by eggs and nest 
building, 120. 
Protection, by mimicry of haunt and 
molt, 38; of ptarmigans, 37; by 
ornament, 47 ; by mimicry of oth- 
ers (ill.), 66. 
Protective armor not found in birds, 
63. 
Ptarmigan, molt protective, 387; scale 
over eye ornamental, 45 ; egg col- 
ors rubbing off, 118. 
Pterodacty] (ill., 7), 8. 
Purpose, divine, 145. 
Pygapodes, 214. 
Quails, mimicry of haunt in, 35; 
pointed eggs of, 122 ; roosting hab- 
its, 154; and flight, 159. 
Quills, barrels of, once flat, 33; flight, 
influencing rest of feathers, 33 ; 
of Archeeopteryx flossy, 34; con- 
verted into spines, 61; on mam- 
mals, 63. 
Rails, with wing spurs, 62; feeding 
habits and kinship, 138;  short- 
winged, 170; identifying, 221. 
Rasores, 137. 
Recognition colors as ornamental, 
56. 
Regurgitating of food in defense, 63, 
64; to feed young, 130. 
Rejoicing differing from song, 81. 
Reptiles, relations to birds, 3; bird 
routes out from, 15; air spaces in 
fossil, 20; feathers on, 31; incu- 
bating, 96, 97; nest building, 99, 
105 ; eggs uncolored, -120. 
Resting of migrants, 182. 
Road runner, a cuckoo, 148. 
Robin, feather tracts on young, 28 ; 
THE STORY OF THE BIRDS. 
spots on young, 39 ; many nesting 
sites, 110; feeding young, 133; 
ubiquity, 281 ; fighting, 244. 
Rookeries, 159 (ill.). 
Roosting habits (Chapter XXIV), of 
parrots, 147; of Western quails, 
159 ; roosting situations (ill.), 159. 
Routes of migration, 184. 
Safety, sacrificed to ornament, 47. 
Saliva in building, 113. 
Sand grouse, a connecting link, 204. 
Sand martin, nesting, 114. 
Sandpiper, teetering, 56; inflating 
crop, 71 (ill.). 
Sapsucker, 237, 238. 
Scales, not heat preserving, 18 ; ori- 
gin of, 31. 
Scopus, nest of, 106. 
Screamers, no bare tracts, 23; wing 
spurs, 62; kinship, 206; old type, 
211. 
Sea runner, kinship of, 207. 
Second broods, 127 ; marriages, 91. 
Secondaries, number of, 176, 228. 
Secretary bird, kinship and wing 
spurs of, 62, 208; striking snakes, 
143 ; an old type, 211. 
Selection, sexual, 47, 49; natural, 
122, 145. 
Semipalmate foot, 163. 
Sentinels, 156. 
Seriema, hawklike, 205. 
Shape of egg, 121. 
Sheep killed by parrots, 147. 
Shrikes, beak of, feeding habits, and 
kinship, 102. 
Sight, 76, 142. 
Skeleton, dermal origin of, 30, 31. 
Skin, flight by, 7,8; on front of wing, 
7; the great builder, 30; in touch 
with everything, 31; ornamented 
and as ornament, 22, 45; pores of 
suppressed, 18, 194. 
Skull, brain and, history, 195. 
Sleep, on wing, 155; on water, 156. 
See RoosTInG. 
Slowness in building, 104. 
