INDEX, 263 
identifying by toes and beak, 227 ; 
ways of some, 236 et seq. 
Wrens, many sham nests, 111 ; nest- 
ing habits, 114; feeding and kin- 
ship of, 152; nesting like tits and 
ousels, 199. See Housz WREN. 
Wrist of birds unlike mammals, 14. 
Wrybill, concealment of breast spot, 
47 ; beak bent, 48. 
Wryneck, feeding habit and kinship, 
149. 
Yellowthroats (Maryland), 246. 
Young, rarely more brilliant than 
parent, 46; spots on, 39; resem- 
bling mother usually, 51; have 
little odor, 75 ; cared for by male, 
87, 88; and nest, 107, 113 ; why two 
kinds of (Chapter XX), 183; pre- 
cocial the first condition, 124 ; their 
degeneration altricial, 124; how fed 
(Chapter XXI), 130; altricial need 
food at once, 132; carried by par- 
ent, 134; faring like parent, 136; 
altricial and cradle, 154; starting 
south untaught, 183; of hoactzin 
naked, 211. 
Yoke toes of Picaric, 22, 147, 157 ; 
identifications by, 226. 
Yolk of egg, 125, 126, 130, 209. 
Zy godactyle toes, 151, 162. 
dUisll, IB) IDG 
