cell 



jiyl. 7-0. Silvery. Asrends nil Uio Ini'fTO rivers of India and Htirma for 

 breeding ptirjioses : it. iillains nbout 12 inches in length. 



Fam)li/ — SquAMiriNNK.s, Ciiv. 



Cfien/odontida, pt., Richardson. 



Brancliiostogals six or fcvcn j pseiidobiaiicliirc well developptl. Body clevalcd ami 

 rninprpssod. Eyps laloral and of modcialo nW.p. Month goncndly Bniall, wltli a 

 lati'i.il rloft, and sitnated in front of tlie pnont. Tcctli villjform or Rotifonn, 

 ni-itlior incisoi's nor canines : in most of tlie pcnpra tlio palate is pdentnlons. Soft 

 portion of tlic dorsal fin more developed tlian the spinous, sometime.s considerably, 

 more rarely slightly so: anal with three or four spines, its soft portion similar 

 to that of the dorsal: lower pectoral rays branched! vcntrals tlior.ieic, with ono 

 sjiine and five rays. Scales cycloid or very finely ctenoid ; they extend more 

 or less over the vertical fins, but occasional!}' are absent from the sninous portion. 

 Air-vessel present, generally simple. Intestines usually much convoluted : stomacli 

 cnecal. Pyloric appendages in moderate numbers. 



Gen?/s — ToxoTES Cnvier. 



■13ranch'w.iiefjah seven : jneudobrancliid:. Body ohlnvg, compressed ^ 

 back depressed. Eyes of moderate size. Snout rat/i<:r produced ; lower jam 

 the longer. TiUiform iecih on jaws, vomer, and palatine bones. A single 

 dorsal fin, linving Jive strong spines situated in the posterior half of the 

 back : anal with three spines. Scales cycloid, of moderate or rather small 

 size, some arc or tended to over the soft portions of the vertical Jitis. Air- 

 vessel si?nple. Pyloric appendages in moderate nnmbers. 



11. ToTotes jacvlatof, Pallns. P. ytn, A. ts'i?, L. 1. 28, Cfcc. 

 Jiyl. 7-!'. (Jrconish lirown, with hroad dark bands or hlotclie.s. Attains 

 nlioiit a fiiot in lentrlh. Found in and above tidal influence in the large 

 rivers of Bengal and Burma. 



12. Toifotes microlepis, Blyth. h^ga-kya-ma Burmese. D. j^i ^• 

 ■^j, L. 1. 42, Crec. I'yI. 8. Golden, with two to four large black oblong 

 blotches or stripes along its sides. Found in Burma along with the last, 

 attaining about the same size. 



Family — C A It A N G I D «, Giinther. 



Scomhcroidei, pt., et Squamipinnes, pt., Cuv. : Scomlirisida, pt., 

 Richardson. 



Branch iostegals usually seven, sometimes less; psendobranebia) as a rule present, 

 absent in Livliia and Trarhi/notns. Body oblong or elevated, and generally com- 

 pressed. Eyes lateral, sometimes large. Infra-orbital bones do not arficulato 

 with the pre-opercle. Uill-openingg wide. Dentition exceedingly varied. The spinous 

 dorsal of less extent th.an the soft, sometimes even being rudimentary ; it is either 

 continuous with, or distinct from, the soft portion : the posterior portion of the 

 dorsal and anal sometimes consisting of detached finlets. The soft dorsal and 

 the anal may be of nearly ecjnal extent, or the latter mneli the most developed. 

 'Ventrnls, when prcfK'ut, thoracic, but they may bo rudimentary or absent. Scales 

 small, sometimes absent. Air-vessel present. Pyloric appendages usually in 

 large numbers, whilst some genera have but few. 



Genus — Equula, Cuv. 



flranchiostrgols from fonr to five : psendoliranchiir. Bod jj elevated 

 and strongly compressed. Eyes lateral. Mouth leiy ]itotiactH<i. Lower 



