122 NEW-YORK FAUNA. 
these the rays rapidly diminish, and become subequal for the remainder of the fin. The 
pectorals are placed slightly before the ventrals, are long, falcate, and of twenty rays; the 
first has a short, closely applied subspinous ray ; its longest ray extends to the fourth of the 
second dorsal fin. Ventrals in a deep cavity anterior to the commencement of the first dorsal 
fin, with a posterior attaching membrane. Vent a narrow slit. Anterior to the anal fin, are 
two long spines concealed in a furrow, the posterior with a membrane. The first three or 
four anal rays are long; the remainder short, subequal, with the bases of the anterior rays 
enveloped in a membranous sheath: the four first simple ; the first short, adpressed; the 
second, third and fourth longest, subequal. Caudal fin deeply furcate, with two carine or 
ridges on each side, embracing the spinous lateral plates of the tail; its lobes scaly. 
Color. Deep golden green and blue above, which becomes more lustrous on the gill-covers. 
Trides golden, mottled with brown. Sides lustrous yellow, with green reflections. A small 
black spot on the edge of the opercles, which are tinged with orange ; this spot is occasionally 
wanting. Dorsals brown, tinged with yellow, and translucent at their bases. Caudal fin 
olive-brown at the base, yellow in the middle, and tipped with blackish brown. Pectorals 
faint yellow. Ventrals and anal fin golden yellow. 
Length, 8°5. Depth, 2. 
Pinrays,. Ds 8.1245 P. 205 Vilooe As eel e205 10.19 4: 
This species may readily be distinguished from the preceding, by its more elongated form. 
It is a very voracious animal ; for in the stomach of one, I found a fish more than half of its 
own size. It occurs here in great abundance in September and October, and is much 
esteemed. It is called Yellow Mackerel. 
THE SPOTTED CARANX. 
CaRaNX PUNCTATUS. 
PLATE LXXIII. FIG. 233. 
The Hippos Mackerel. Mircu. Lit. and Phil. Soc. N. Y. pl. 5, fig. 5. 
Scomber hippos. Ip. Am. Monthly Magazine, Vol. 2, p. 246. 
Le Caranx ponctué, Caranx punctatus. Cuv. et Vat. Hist. des Poiss. Vol. 9, p. 38. 
Characteristics. Cylindrical, with a single finlet behind the dorsal and anal fins. Anterior 
portion of the lateral line punctate. Length 6 - 8 inches. 
Description. Body cylindrical, tapering. Scales large and deciduous on the back, small 
and adherent on the head and neck. Teeth so minute as only to be distinguished by the 
touch. Lateral line curved as in the preceding, with its posterior portion armed with about 
forty wide and contiguous plates, with their points directed backwards ; the points becoming 
more distinct towards the tail. Eyes large and silvery. 
The first dorsal fin triangular, and of eight rays; at a short interval beyond is the second 
dorsal, of one spinous and thirty-one flexible rays. A finlet or spurious fin between this fin 
