HIS WINTER HOME 67 
Though so many birds leave us in the fall, 
they do not all go. A few come to us who have 
nested farther north, and some who have been 
with us all summer stay over winter too. These 
last are called “ permanent residents,’ that 1s, 
they stay all the year round. 
In the Middle States of the East — New York, 
Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Ohio — there are 
twenty or twenty-five who stay all the year. 
There are several hawks and owls and wood- 
peckers, the crow, bob-white, the blue jay, and 
the meadowlark. 
Of the little ones, the goldfinch, in his sober 
winter coat, his cousin the purple finch, the song 
sparrow, and the nuthatch and chickadee. 
Besides these “permanent residents,’ there 
are ten or twelve who come from the north. 
The funny little saw-whet owl is one, and the 
snowflake, who loves to frolic in the snow, 1s 
another. 
Many of our summer birds stay in the South- 
ern States all winter. Those who can eat seeds 
and winter berries —for instance, robins and 
bluebirds, catbirds and sparrows — need not go 
very far south; and some of them even stay 
in the State of New York. 
Most of our birds who do not eat berries, but 
must have insects, go farther, some to Florida 
