120 IvENDALL: NEW ENGLAND SALMONS. 



The foregoing descriptions alone would be far from sufficient for identification of 

 any eastern salmonid were it not for other known facts pertaining to them. It is quite 

 clear that neither Girard nor Suckley recognized them as salmon. Although Girard 

 remarked a similarity in size of scales and shape of Salnio sebago to a salmon, the state- 

 ment that there were black spots on the tail would be confusing for there were then no 

 eastern salmonid with black caudal spots. However, Suckley apparently corrects that 

 statement in regard to Salmo sebago but indicates that there were black spots on the 

 caudal fin of the 'young {S. gloveri).' Disregarding the alleged caudal spots, the black 

 spots of the body, large scales, and their location sufficiently indicate a salmon rather 

 than any other salmonid at that time occurring in eastern waters. Both Girard and 

 Suckley regarded the fish as trout as mdicated by the use of the term and their compari- 

 sons with other salmonids than salmon. The name Salmo sebago for a fish with black 

 spots could signify nothing else than the 'landlocked' form of Sebago Lake. 



Although Suckley pronounced Salnio gloverii the young of Salnio sebago, as previously 

 remarked, from time to time in later 3'ears, Salmo gloverii has been regarded by one or 

 another writer as a sj^nonj-m of Salmo salar, even though recognizing Salmo sebago as a 

 distinct species. But inasmuch as early as 1832, at least, history states that there were 

 six mills on the Union River, doubtless with impossible dams, it may be safely concluded 

 that no Salmo salar reached the upper waters of that river to breed in those days nor 

 since. Lake salmon are known to have descended outlets to feed and to breed. There- 

 fore it seems justifiable to regard the name Salmo gloverii as applying to the salmon 

 of Reeds Pond (now Green Lake). 



Jordan and Gilbert (1882, p. 312) regard the lake salmon as specifically identical with 

 Salmo salar. Referring to its geographical distribution they say of Salmo salar, 'North 

 Atlantic, ascending all suitable rivers in Northern Europe and the region north of Cape 

 Cod; sometimes permanently landlocked in lakes, where its habits and coloration (but 

 no tangible specific characters) change somewhat, when it becomes (in America) var. 

 sebago.' 



The latest comprehensive systematic ichthyological work is Fishes of North and Middle 

 America, by Jordan and Evermann, the first part of which includes the Salmonidse. It 

 was pubUshed in 1896. In this work (Jordan and Evermann 1896, p. 487), after describ- 

 ing Salmo salar, the 'landlocked' forms are noticed as follows: 'Represented in lakes of 

 Maine, New Hampshire, and New Brunswick by landlocked Salmo salar sebago (Girard) 

 (Landlocked Salmon), smaller in size, rather more plump in form, and nonmigratory, 

 not otherwise evidently different. Sebago Pond and northward, introduced into lakes 

 in various parts of the country; seldom entering streams; reaches a weight of 25 

 pounds. 



'Represented in Lake St. John, Saguenay River and neighboring waters of Quebec 

 by the landlocked. 



'Salmo salar ouananische, McCarthy, M.S. new subspecies (Ouananiche; Winninish). 



'StUl smaller, rarely reaching a weight of 7^/^ pounds and averaging 3}^. An extremely 

 vigorous and active fish, smaller and more active than ordinary salmon, but so far as 



