SUPPLEMENTAL NOTES TO PART 1. 157 



Adolescent salmon, with their bright silver}- scales, more pointed snout, subequal jaws, 

 more forked tail, black crescentic and X doubled-X spots, and with or without red spots, 

 caught in the same locality were regarded as lake salmon. The 'jumper' was more trout- 

 Uke in form, had a blunter snout, included lower jaw, scarcely crescentic tail. It usually 

 had no black spots but had dark brown, chocolate-colored and brick-red or brown spots 

 surrounded by brick-red on the body, and always red spots along the side. The sides of 

 the abdomen were usually brassy yellow. There were doubtless old fish of long-time 

 residence in the river. They appear now to be extinct, the locaUty below the North 

 Gorham dam having been more recently ruined by the erection of a dam farther down 

 which backs the still water nearly up to North Gorham dam. 



Hamlin (1874, p. 349-350) fished the Presumpscot River before there was any dam 

 at the foot of the lake, at least his description of the locaUty leads to that assumption. 

 Hamlin's narrative of his experience with the salmon of the Presumpscot indicates that 

 at that early date, even with free communication with the lake, the 'jumper' was already 

 established in the river. 



After describing his own loss of a fish, he goes on to say: 'My companion, however, 

 was more fortunate, and landed a two-pound fish. The first glance at this fish indicated 

 a distinct variety from the salmon of the Schoodic and other lakes; for its sides were very 

 much spotted, even below the lateral line, and some of the spots were underlaid with 

 deep crimson, which appeared in rich contrast with the black and pearl of the sides; 

 the dorsal fin was also very much checked with large and distinct black spots. It would 

 remind the angler of the Salmo trutta marina and the hucho trout of Europe, so distinctly 

 marked was the dorsal fin. But the examination of five other specimens at a later day 

 proved that the spots were not constant; for not one of the five exhibited more spots 

 than the fish of the Schoodic, and some of them not so many. The appearance of the 

 dorsal fin was also much changed, and in some fish the spots had quite disappeared, 

 which leads me to believe that the excess of spots is due to food and locaUty.' 



Probably the fish caught by Dr. HamUn's companion, of which he (Hamlin) describes 

 the colors was a typical 'jumper,' but some of the other five might have been juvenile 

 lake salmon. 



SUPPLEMENTAL NOTES TO PART 1. 



Anatomy of Salmonidoe. — The salmons, trouts, and chars are essentially alike in 

 their visceral structure and arrangement. 



All species possess a dorsal mesentery which connects the middle line of the air bladder 

 and the intestine, extending from the diaphragm anteriorly to within a short distance 

 of the posterior end of the abdominal cavity in the female and quite to the end in the 

 male. Another mesenteric fold connects the air bladder and the upper or esophagal 

 limb of the stomach. All species have a ventral mesentery connecting the lower surface 

 of the intestine and the ventral abdominal wall, extending from just posteriorly to the 

 pelvic region to the posterior end of the abdominal cavity. 



