76 FISHES OF NEW ZEALAND. 



121. ACANTHI AS VULaARIS. Risso. CM. 



Spined Dog Fish. 

 Squalus maculatus, Park. A. vulgaris, Glintli., VIII., 418. 



Origin of the dorsal opposite to or behind tlie posterior angle of the 

 pectoral ; dorsal spines not grooved laterally ; snout produced. 



Grey, with large white spots that fade after death. 



Common ; female about 3 feet in length, males 2 feet. 



Temperate seas of both hemispheres. 



ZyGuENA. 



Caudal with a single notch, a pit at its commencement ; anterior 

 part of the head broad, flattened, and latei-ally elongated ; eyes at the 

 extremities of the lobes ; teeth of both jaws similar, oblique, with notch. 



Temperate and tropical seas. 



122. ZYG^NA MALLEUS. Risso. 



Hammer-headed Shark. 

 Z. malleu.<!, Gunth., VIII., 381. 



The length of the hinder mai-gin of one side of the hammer is nearly 

 equal to its width near the eye ; nostril close to the eye, prolonged into 

 a groove rvinning along nearly the entire front margin, of the head. 



Tropical and subtropical seas. 



The descriptions of the Maoris leave no doubt but that a Hammer- 

 headed Shark (Mangopare) is found off the coasts of New Zealand, and 

 it wU], probably, be found to be this species which has been obtained in 

 South Australia and the Fiji Islands. 



MUSTELUS. 



Second dorsal fin not much smaller than the first ; no pit at the root 

 of the caudal ; spii'acles small behind the eyes ; mouth with well 

 developed labial folds ; teeth small, numerous, similar in both jaws, 

 arranged like pavement, obtuse, or with very indistinct cusps. 



Temperate and tropical seas. 



123. MUSTELUS ANTARCTICUS. Gunth. CM. 



Smooth Hound. 



3f. antarcticus, Giinth., VIII., 387. 



Snout rather obtuse, the length of its prseoral portion about equal 

 to the distance between the angles of the mouth ; upper teeth with a 



