INTRODrCED FISHES. 



Order 1 V.— PH YSOSTOMT. 



SALMONID^. 



For chai-acters, see ante, p. 57. 



Salmo. 



Body covei-ed with small scales ; cleft of the mouth wide ; teeth 

 well developed, conical in the jaw bones, on the vomer, and j^alatines, 

 and on the tongue, none on the pterygoid bones ; anal short, with less 

 than fourteen i-ays ; dorsid above, or rather in advance of the ventrals. 



The caudal fin changes with age, and sexual development of the 

 fish, the young haviiag it more deeply emarginate. In males the lower 

 jaw is more developed than in females, and sometimes curved upwards 

 into a hook. 



2. SALMO SALAR. L. 



Salmon, 



S. isalar, Gunth., VI., 11. 



B. 11 - 12 ; D. 14 ; A. 11 ; P. U ; V. 9 ; L. Lat., 120; L. Trans., '^-'^ 



19-22 • 



The hind part of the body elongate, and covered with relatively large 

 scales, there he/vny constantly eleven, or sometimes twelve in a transverse 

 series ; maxillary as long as, or .shorter than the snout in specimens 

 above 20 inches in length. 



Attaining to a length of from 4 to 5 feet ; female mature at a length 

 of about 15 inches. 



Young with about eleven dusky cross-bars ; half-grown and old 

 specimens silveiy, with small black spots in small number ; spawning 

 males with numerous large red and black spots, some of the red spots 

 confluent into moi-e or less extensive patclies, especially on the belly 

 (Giinth.) 



The young of the first and second year are called Parr or Smolt ; on 

 their first ret\irn from the sea they are called Grilse or .Salmou-peal. 



Soutliland and Otago, Introduced from Scotland. 



