24 EXPEDITION TO JAPAN. 
on sides, and shading off rather abruptly below the lateral line into white, with tinege of red. 
Lateral line conspicuously placed on a narrow pale stripe from opercles to caudal. Dorsal and 
caudal almost black, ventrals and pectorals pale dusky. Anal dusky yellow. 
The S. Japonensis of Pallas, (op. cit., p. 382,) from the Kurile Islands, of which he had two 
dried specimens, brought home by Merk, seems to resemble the orientalis, judging from the 
vague description of it by the Russian naturalist. Valenciennes (op. cit., p. 363) examined 
these specimens. One of them, he thinks, answers to Pallas’s description, but still remarks 
that the species does not seem to be well founded. Had it resembled the orientalis, the distin- 
guished French naturalist would have noted such a fact. 
The name JZasu, or Masou, seems to be a designation for salmon generally in Japan. Med- 
? 
hurst gives it as Was. Sake, which also means ‘‘ wine,’’ is another name for it. The scientific 
names attached to those given in the Japanese encyclopedia by Mr. Remusat, in his notice of 
this work, are not always correctly applied, as the rough native figures seem to have been his 
only guide. The name of number 21, in book 49, page 8, is ‘‘ Kamasu, in Chinese Sotseuiu, 
poisson navette,) esox sphyraena, muréne.’’ No doubt a salmon was represented in the accom- 
panying figure. Kamasu seems to signify a ‘‘slender salmon.’’ Kéimpfer alludes to a fish 
under the name Kamas, which he calls a pike. 
43, SALMO (FARIO) LEUCOMAENIS, Pallas. 
Satmo LeucoMaEnts, Pallas, Zoog., Ross. Asiat., III, 356. 
“ ts Val. Hist. des Poissons, 21, 243. 
PLATE X, fig. 3. Natural size. 
Norss.—From Hakodadi Bay, (Lat. 41° 49’,) May and June. 8 inches. 
This seems to agree with the descriptions above quoted, though it may prove to be a new 
species. The figure represents a fish of a uniform dusky blue, with tinge of greenish on the 
back, sides, and top of head, becoming silvery white on the lower parts of head and body. 
Large round spots of rather uniform size, and distinctly defined, are sparingly scattered over 
the whole of the back and sides. They are of a paler blue than the ground color, and become 
white below the lateral line, and are distributed in five rows, three above and two below the 
lateral line in irregular quicunx order. The largest are about } of the diameter of the eye, or 
eight times in the greatest height of the body. The upper row of 6 or 7 run close to the back, 
beginning under the first dorsal ; the second commences near the back of the head, and count 
nine to half way between the dorsals, where it unites with the third row. This numbers eleven 
spots, running parallel to the lateral line, with some confused spots on the base of caudal. The 
fourth row follows the under side of the lateral line and close to it, with about eight spots. The 
fifth is short, with five or six white spots, just distinguishable from the pale blue of the sides. 
Irides pale yellow, and tinges of same on opercles. The fins are all colored of a pale umber 
brown, the first dorsal being darkest. Ventrals quite pale. 
In form it resembles a brook trout, the snout being rather blunt. The expression of Pallas, 
in describing its teeth, ‘‘series in palato parallela,’’ may perhaps mean that it has a double row 
on the body of the vomer, in which case it would belong to the genus Salar as defined by 
