URINOGENITAL ORGANS 



367 



which open the mesonephric tubules (p. 89). Primitively vasa 

 efferentia stretched across from testis to collecting duct, and from 

 duct to kidney along the whole length of the two organs, as in the 

 Chondrostei and Lcpidosteus (Fig. 356). But whereas in the 

 Elasmobranchs the vasa efferentia became restricted to the anterior 

 end (p. 132), in the Dipnoi they became restricted more and 

 more to the posterior end (p. 253). Independently the same 

 specialisation seems to have taken place in the Teleostomes, both in 



Fir,. 356. 



A, B, C, and D, diagrams of the urinogenital organs in male Dipnoi and Teleostomi. A, 

 Aaipenser (Lepidosteus and Amin are similar, but without the funnel m.d). B, Teleostei ; and 

 C, Polypterus (from Budgett's figures). D, Protopterus (from W. N. Parker's figures). E, 

 urinogenital papilla of a female Salmo, ventral view. F, similar view of a male Polypterus 

 (after Budgett). a, anus; a.p, abdominal pore; b.c, renal capsule; c, cloacal bladder; g.p, 

 genital papilla; 1c, mesonephros ; l.d, longitudinal duct; Ltd, longitudinal testis duct; m.d, 

 Miillerian duct; mx.d, mesonephric duct; o.p, oviducal pore; r, rectum; t, testis; ug.p, 

 urinogenital pore ; u.p, urinary pore ; u.s, urinogenital sinus ; v.d, vas deferens ; v.e, vas eft'erens. 



the Polypterini (p. 298) and the Teleostei. The longitudinal duct 

 has, in these, lost all connection with the kidney, and shifted its 

 opening farther and farther backwards, finally becoming quite 

 independent (Bndgett [68]). 



Turning now to the female organs, several questions arise : 

 Which is the primitive condition among the Teleostei, the closed 

 ovarian sac or the free ovary ? the long oviduct of Osmerus or the 

 genital pore of Anguillal are the oviducts homologous with the 

 Miillerian duct of other forms or with the sperm-duct of Teleosts 1 

 The oviduct may be distinguished into two portions : an anterior 



