I'AIMLIO. I'.\ Dr. K. JoiaiAX. 27 



either above or heiieatli. |)orsMl liook of the liarpe of Ihe '' slioi'ter tlian in tiie aUietl species. Specimens 

 occur sometimes in hiyii mountains in which tlie marginal liand of tlie forewini;' in the middle is al)out as 

 broad as tlie yellowisli white discal area, they are f. nuuit. albanus Fl'Ir. — l.arva on Rhamnus californica : aibanus. 

 flie B. and 4. segment al)ove with small ring-spot, tlie black and yellow transverse dorsal line posleriorh' 

 on the +. segment rather broad. A crimmon mmmtain species, distributed from British (Columbia to 

 Colorado. The buttertly visits flowers, especiall\ thistles and mint, and frecpiently drinks at ])iiddles in 

 large numbers. Its tlight is swift and agile. 



P. alexiares. A broad-banded Mexican buttertly. The distal margin of the forewing is straii;hl or 

 very feebly conca\e; the hook-mark im the underside centred with yellow and this yellowish scaling 

 continuous with the grey or yellowisli line situated on the black postdiscal liand. On the disc of the 

 liimiwing beneath more or less large orange -coloured patches. Early stages not known. Eastern ^Mexico: 

 two sulispecies. — garcia R. rf'' ./. (Db). Yellowish ajiical cell-area about as broad as the black band placed '^ania. 

 at its distal side. The black marginal band not broader in the middle than the yellow discal Ijaud; the 

 yellow submarginal spots on tlie under surface of the liindwing narrow, more or less distinctly separated 

 from one another. Monterey, province of Xuevo Leon. — alexiares ll<>j>tf. The yellow parts more or less alexiares. 

 dusted over with black, the lilack liands broader than in (jania, the posterior yellow submarginal spots are 

 wanting on the np]ier surface of the forewing, whilst the submarginal spots on the under surface form a 

 ratlier broad continuous band, (luesta de ^lisantla, in Vera Cruz, 



P. pilumnus Bithd. (ilc), A less s])ecialised form than the preceding ones. Cell of the hindwing /)///m;;///.v. 

 almost symmelrical. tibiae and tarsi pale greenish. Hindwing above with 2 sharply defined orange spots: 

 the proximal arm of the large V of the hindwing on the under surface divided longitudinally liy a grey 

 line, — The larva recalls that of froilns. The insect occurs in the open, high-lying Saxaniuis of Arizona 

 and Mexico southwards to Guatemala, 



The two following species, frai/ii.^ and jialtimriles^ like the preceding forms, are Xearctic and form 

 the transition to the mimetic ai)i'liisiiK/es-'j;von\), which they ajiproach rather closely in the early stages 

 and in structure. 



P. troilus. Black; thorax and abdomen witii small yellowish spots; both wings with a row of sub- 

 marginal spots, those on the forewing smaller in the ? than in the cf ; hindwing with bluish grey- green 

 discal area. On the under surface the hindwing has a discal and a submarginal row of orange-coloured 

 spots and distally to the discal row large metallic Idue spots. The larva has a large eye-spot on each side 

 of the 3, thoracic segment and large blind spots on the 4. It lives on the ujiper side of a leaf in a tube 

 which is formed by the edge of the leaf being so strongly bent over to the middle rib that it conies to lie 

 close against the upper surface. It is mostly found on sassafras and benzoin, Lauraceae, but also lives on 

 other plants, as Magnolia, Prunus, Pirns, etc, Hiljernates as pu]ia. Two broods. The buttertly usually 

 hovers only a few feet above the ground, tlying nimbly in (piest of the tlowers on which it feeds. Canada 

 to Florida and Texas, — In troilus L. {— ilioneus Abh. rf: Siiiitli) (8c) the submarginal spots on the under- troilus. 

 side of the hindwing are bluish grey-green, Canada to Georgia and Texas, westward as far as the foot of 

 the Rocky ^lountains. In ab. radiatus Slrrck. the submarginal sjiots of the hindwing on the upperside are radiatns. 

 enlarged to hnigitudinal stripes. .Sjiecimens also occur in which the submarginal spots of both w'ings extend 

 to the outer margin, — texanus Khnii. has (.)n both wings larger submarginal sjiots than the preceding sub- ttwanus. 

 .species; many specimens have a pale subbasal band on the under surface, Florida; Texas (?), 



P. palamedes. Antenna brown; tibiae and tarsi green; abdomen striped with yellow. Markings 

 on the underside of the wings pale yellow; 2 rows of spots on the forewing besides the marginal spots, the 

 discal row- doubled towards the costa: on the hindwing a discal band and a row of submarginal spots, and 

 in addition, es])ecially in the ?, blue spots are jiresent outside the discal band. On the under surface the 

 hindwing has a narrow subbasal band and the discal band is dentate and more or less orange like the sub- 

 marginal spots. The larva is very similar to that nf Ira/I/i^ and has the same habits. On Magnolia, 'flie 

 butterfly is common in Florida in tlie spring. Distributed from Virginia southwards as far as Xorth-East 

 Mexico, The ? is more brownish black than the cf. — palamedes Ih-nnj {— chalcas /'', chalcus /'., tlavo- palamedes. 

 maculatus Goeze). The discal spots of the forewing are large, the cell has nearly always a spot. Virginia 

 to South Florida and Texas, \et also found even in Nebraska, — leontis U. <<'■ ./, (Sc), A small form with leontis. 

 reduced discal spots; forewing Avithout cell-spot on the upperside or with onl\' a very nari'ow streak. 

 Monterey, province of Xuevo Leon, Mexico, (On ])1, S the name is erroneously printed /raiitiiL) 



Anchisiades-Group. 



In the species of the fn/r7//N/V/(/<.v-urimp rlie pioiiotuin and thorax are at least ])artly spotted with red or 

 yelli)w-red. The abdomen is black and has nn liglit markings except a basal lateral spot and streak. The cell of 

 the torewiug- beneath is not streaked with yelloA\- and the hindwing has no Ijlue spt)ts. The larvae, so far as is 



