BARONIA. By Dr. K. Jordan. - PARNASSIUS. By H. Stichel. 45 



closed together; the ? after copulation with so-called pouch. Larva on Aristolochia, and hke tlie pupa, 

 formed and coloured (piite as in the Aristolochia-Papihos of the Fnpilio pcrrlicbiis group, fn these Aristolochia- 

 Papilios we find already a rudimentary poucii; in Euri/Kc/es it is large, bilobate. — This genus is confined 

 to the Rio Parana (with its tributaries), Argentina and Paraguay; 2 species, which are both sexually dimoriihic. 



E. duponcheli Lm: (I7b). Tailed, cf velvety black, willi a yellow baiut of lai-ge patches in the (lupoinlu-li. 

 middle and on the hindwing also "2 rows of red spots, of which the subuiarginal row is only more or less 

 indicated above. ? yellow -brown, black distally and in the cell of the fore wing, the macular band above 

 only indicated by 2 subcostal patches, which are situated on the forewing; the red spots of the hindwing 

 above vivid red; under surface for the most part grey-yellow. — From Buenos Aires northward, commonest 

 in North-West Argentina. 



E. corethrus Boisd. (17 b, c). Tailless, cf much paler than in ihiponi'hcli , semitransparent : hmOi- com luns. 

 wing also above with a band of yellow spots outside the red discal spots. ? likewise paler than in tlie 

 preceding species, the margin mure narrowly black, the very pale red submarginal spots of the hindwing 

 large, the discal row on the contrary i-eplaced by black spots, only the last always dotted with reddish 

 grey, but often also the first and sometimes the next two as well. — Not quite so common as the pre- 

 ceding species and not so widely distributed; more in the neigh])ourhood (if the Rio Parana and Rio Paraguay. 



3. Genus: Baroiiia -Sw/*'. 



Antenna short, with bi'oad clul). Legs likewise very short, femora with long hairs, before tlie 

 extremity with some stiff' In-istles, tibiae rough with bristles; 1. segment of the tarsus about '/a >^^ long as 

 the tibia; the spur of the foretibia reaching to '/4. Forewing rather narrow, 1. and 2. subcostals close 

 together, the 1. confluent with the costa and partly also with the 2. subcostal, the 3. absent, the 4. and 5. 

 leather long stalked; 1. radial arising from the cell; hindmargin of the cell almost straight, no median spui'; 

 hindwing rounded, with large basal cell, the 1. subcostal, which closes it distally, very weak; precostal 

 forked, 2. subcostal branching off much more distally from the cell than the 2. median. vScales of the wings 

 rounded. — The only known species belongs in the neighbourhood of Pni'iuismiis. — Guerrero, West Mexico. 



B. brevicornis Salr. (17c). Mr. 0. T. Bakon disco\ered this peculiar insect in the neighbourhood hirviromis. 

 of the town of Gliilpancingo, recently destroyed by an earthcjuake, where the buftertlies were tlying in June 

 and July at a height of 4500 ft. He only took 5 specimens, which are in the collections of Gudman, 

 RorusiHiiiii and the Galifornia Academy. Blackish brown, with ]»ale yellow markings; all the spots of the 

 hindwing beneath are silver\' white as well as the apical and submarginal s[)ots of the forewing. ? somewhat 

 larger than the c^, the light markings more extended. 



4. Genus: Pariia8!«iii»^ />"/'■• 



For the general characters the reader is referred to the descriptions in Part 1. \'ol. 1, jj. 19. A 

 special distinguishing feature of the genus is the absence of the hindmarginal \ein in the hindwing and of 

 the transverse vein present in the genus Popilio s. air. between median and submedian near the base of the 

 forewing. k striking characteristic moreover is the pouch (Abdominaltasche, poche cornee) of the impi-egnated 

 female, mentioned in Eunjades, which besides is only found in a few of the allied genera, namely in Eiir/jciis 

 Bold., LiicJidurfJd Cri((/., also occurring in a single species of the genus Fapi/io (P. proneus Hbn.) (Jordan) 

 aiul in the whole family of Acraeidae. Exhaustive observations and investigations have been devoted 

 to the nature of this appendage. It is not an organ of the body, but a product of the insect itself, and is 

 ]n'oducetl during the copulation of the sexes in this way, that the o^ ejects from a gland at the anal ex- 

 tremity a secretion which hardens very (puckly, and in the moment of ejection with the assistance of a 

 special membranous organ (peraplast) assumes a definite form and is attached to the abdomen of the 2 

 (SiEBOLD, Thomson, Scldder). This ])roduct is therefore an independent creation of the organs of copula- 

 tion, but its form appears to depend on the pecuHar structure of these, and is therefore to be regarded as 

 a valuable means of help in the differentiation of the species and in arranging them into natural groups. 

 Concerning the purpose of this jieculiar apjiendage nothing is known with certainty. One would supjiose 

 that it plays some part in oviposition, but this is contradicted by Thojison's observations in breeding I'ar- 

 nassius apo/lo L. in the Insectarium of the Zoological Gardens in London; he is of the opinion that the 

 pouch is without any utility after copulation. The fact that ?? of Faniii.<siiiii species have been taken , in 

 the pouch of which a loose egg was found, permits the supposition that the insect carries this with it until 

 it has found a suitable place for laying. 



The Pamassius forms are inhabitants of the mountains in the Northern temperate zone, entirely 

 wanting in the tropics, subtropics and the Southern temperate zone of America, even in those heights of 

 the Cordillera which would suit their conditions of hfe. Their area of distribution is confined to a Western 

 strip of North America. As Southern limit about 35" N. Lat. may be taken, in the East the principal chain 



