GATHAEMIA: LEODUNTA: CATASTK lA. B\- J. KuuLii. 69 



12. Oeims: Cailiaeiiihi III"/. 



The forms ])elonginy here were until reeenth' unitetl with IIi'spirorlnirit>, hut Radcl. Giitiii', ei-ected 

 the genus ('i(ui::ii f(jr them. This name, however, must give way to the older one given by lli'r.xia!. It is 

 true that the only (litierence in the neuration is that in lht;j)rroili<ir/.< tlic u])])er (liscocellular of both wings 

 is angled and has a short spur running into the cell, in Caf/ntcmid on the contrary these veins are only 

 sligliily curved and have no spuis, but the great difference in the style of marking and the shape of the 

 wings conhi-nis the generic independence of the two. 



C. hirlanda .s/o//., probably from Surinam, is distinguished from the better kmiwn ninguida Fndist. hiiianda. 

 (-— hirlanda Stijr ) vlX f), from i\^ru, by the broader black distal margin of both wings. — obnubila l-'nthal., from "'".i;""'"- 

 South Peru, has the hindwing almost black, so lliat only tlu' cell and a few postmedian spots renrain white. 

 — fulvinota Bth-., trom Rio de Janeiro, is complelely white above except for the yellowish basal part o\' fulvinotd. 

 the wings and the black costal margin of the forewing. the under surface is (|uite similai' to that of hirlanda 

 except that it luis a red-yellow instead of a red marginal l)and on the hindwing. — praeclara FruhsL, from I'laeclara. 

 Espiritu Santo, is in the o^ of u beautiful light yellow on the upjierside of the forewing, on the hindwing 

 lemon-yellow with red band of the under surface showing through slightly, forewing with broad black distal 

 margin, which at the 1. median vein is united with a black band starting from llie costal margin, hindwing 

 with narrow black margin, under surface similar to that of hiihiitda, the black a])ical spot not joined to the 

 subapical band, but sejiarated fi'om it by a yellow band. In the ? the black margin of both wings is broader. — 

 apicalJS Fnihsl., from Ecuador, is intermediate between uiinjiti la and tihindiHi. helvia Lair. (21 f), said to apicalis. 

 be from Mexico (?), of which only specimens from Colombia arebefoie me, generally regarded as a se[)arate f'^'^''"- 

 species, is in my opinion also a hirlaiulK fovin, because I have specimens which unmistakably form a tran- 

 sition. In this form the red marginal band of the hindwing jieneath is wanting, yet most specimens have 

 traces of it. The aberration which is suffused with light yellow on the up])erside of the forewing and on 

 the underside of the forewing coloured with yellow over the whole surface is named by FiMHSToriKu ai). 

 serda; transitional forms, however, also occur. seniu. 



13. (tciius: lje4»(loiii;i /'///■. 



no 



The species of this genus were formerly classed with I'lrml/'. Although the two genera show- 

 essential difference in the neuration and in the organs, they are yet sharply si']iarated by their external 

 appearance. But another character which is doubtless w'orthy of note consists in the formation of the anal 

 claspers of the cfo^, wliich are much smaller in Lrodmifd Ihan in I'cmilc. So far seven forms have been 

 described, which have all been regarded as separate species, but i have only lieen able to recognise in_ them 

 two species, one of which forms local races. — The butterflies fly over foot-paths and are fond of drinking 

 at moist places on the ground. 



L. dysoni iJould. (21 ej, from Venezuela, is the form which has the most white markings on the (tysoni. 

 upper surface, the hindwing is white with obsolete yellow spots at the base and broad black distal margin. 

 which occupies about '/i of the surface of the wiuL;-, at the distal margin are placed larger white spots, the 

 median band on the undei'side of the hindwing is white with one yellow sti'eak in each marginal cell, and 

 the rest of the hindwing beneath is lighter than in the other forms. — zenobina lf"ji/f. ("21 e), from Peru -cnol'/na. 

 and Bolivia, has a broader black dislal margin on the hindwing above and darker distffl and basal parts on 

 the hindwing beneath. — intermedia sub^j}. imr., from Northern Cofombia (Gauca Valley), is smaller, the intemwdici. 

 black distal margin of the hindwing is somewhat narrower than in zciiobina and the basal pai'f darkened, 

 the median band on the under surface of the hindwing is broader and yellow, only the veins being very 

 narrowly whitish, on the upper sui'face of tiie forewing in the cell at the point of origin of the 2. median 

 vein there is a white spot, which also beneath is much larger than in the preceding forms. — In chiri- dnriqaensis. 

 quensis Step-., from Chiricpii, the black distal-marginal band of the hindwing reaches the discocellulars and 

 af the distal margin there are larger white .spots, the white median band of the forewing is narrower. — 

 zenobia FUlr , from Colombia, is a smaller form with yellowish median band on the upperside, the basal zmobia. 

 part of the hindwing is black, the light median band on the underside of the hindwing narrower, being 

 interrupted in the middle. — In tagaste FIdr. (21 f), from Peru and Ecuadoi', fhe u])per surface is for the tagaste. 

 most part white, the hindwing has only a black margin. — marginata 5(7(^/;(.s-, froin Venezuela (i\Ierida), has marginatn. 

 half the forewing white, and 2 rows of small white subapical spots, tlie hindwinsi: l)eing similar to that oi' di/snd. 



L. tellane Ilea-. (22 a), from Colombia, is yellow above with broad black nuirgins, in which are tellane. 

 placed yellow spots, the proxinml part of the hindwing beneath is yellow, the base itself grey-brown. 



14. Genus: I'af a!>«ti(*!s& />V/r, 



The only apparently certain difference in the neuralion of this genus from that kA' Arclionias consists 

 in the second subco.stal vein branching off either innnediately at the upper angle of the cell or shortly be- 

 fore or after it. The extermil appearance of the representatives of tliis genus differs from that of Arrhonias 



