ANDINA; PHULIA. By J. Rdher. 97 



spots; in the $ the latter are larger ami hook-shaped, also the orange-red submarginal spot is narrower and 

 there are two white spots in the apex of the fore wing. Beneath the ground-colour of the hindwing in the (J is white, 

 in the $ light yellow; the black spots placed in the middle of the hindwing are more distinctly edged with rust- 

 yellow in the ,^. Apparently rare and local. 



32. Genus: Aiidiiia Styr. 



This genus, containing only one species, inhabits the mountains of Bolivia at the highest limit at which 

 animal life can exist. The butterfly was discovered by G. Gahlepp at an elevation of about 5800 m. The upper 

 surface of the species presents the appearance of a pale-coloured Colias, the under surface is also 6'o?ias-like, 

 but the veins and the structure of antennae show that it is not very closely allied to this genus. The antennae 

 have distinctly knob-shaped clubs, the lower radial of the forewing arises directly from the subcostal, hence 

 the upper and middle discocellulars are wanting; the upper radial does not arise until far beyond tlie discocel- 

 lular. The hindwing has a well developed precostal, directed proximad. 



A. huanaco Styr. ("28 c) is in the cj white above, the smaller $ yellowish, the base suffused with black- liKaiiKco. 

 ish, the forewing has a marginal and a shorter submarginal band as well as a large black median spot, hind- 

 wing without markings. Under surface of the forewing w-hite resp. yellowish, costal margin and apex dusted 

 with grey, with smaller subapical spots and smaller median spot. Under surface of the hindwing dark grey, 

 more or less dusted with yellow-brownish, with a light median spot and a row of not very distinct blackish 

 submarginal spots. — Gahlepp says: ,,it flies only on the highest summits of the Cordilleras, amidst the wildest 

 boulders and most desolate masses of rock; I cannot understand its choosing such w'astes and deserts, or how 

 it can exist there at all, where it must sometimes be daily covered with snow and ice, where there is absolutely 

 no vegetation, and where only the condor makes his abode". In these heights a tempestuous wind constantly 

 prevails, so that the insect can only fly in the brief lulls. Was taken in February. 



33. Genu.s: Phiilia H.-SchafJ. 



The habits of this genus are almost the same as those of Andina, except that PhuUa does not ascend 

 to the summits of the mountains, but stops at a height of from 4000 to 5000 m. The species fly at the same 

 time as Andina. — Whilst in Andina the second subcostal vein branches off at the discocellular. in Pliulia 

 it mostly arises before the end of the cell, occasionally at the cell-end {)iysias), on the other hand the lower 

 radial is always coincident with the subcostal, though sometimes only for a little way (nympha) ; the cell is there- 

 fore only closed by the lower discocellular. The species are very similar. The genus most nearly allied to this 

 and the preceding one is Baltia, from the highest mountains of the Palaearctic Region. 



P. nymphula BL, Styr. (28 c) has been described from specimens from Chile, but Staudiniiior identifies nt/nLphala. 

 a species from Bolivia (that figured as nymphula) with it. Blanchard's figure does not appear to be accurate; 

 so long as no Chilian specimens can be compared it remains uncertain whether the form figured is the true 7iym- 

 phula. It is one of the larger species of the genus. 



P. nympha Styr. (28 c, d), from Bolivia, is the largest species of the genus and has also the most mark- nympha. 

 ings both above and beneath. Very striking, particularly in the ^J, is the basally prolonged black median spot 

 on the upperside of the forewing. 



P. nymphaea Styr. (= nymphula Weym., nymphula Stgr.) (28 d), from Bolivia (Illimani and Cocapota), nijmphuea. 

 has rather reduced black markings on both surfaces. The $, in addition to an increase of the black markings 

 on the forewing, has also rather large, wedge-shaped black spots on the upperside of the hindwing. 



P. illimani Weym. (28 d), from Bolivia (Illimani and Cocapota), has somewhat stronger black apical iUinimn. 

 marking, but no subapical one, and the black median spot is wanting. The under surface of the forewing 

 has at the apex grey-yellow dusting only, but no black marking. 



P. nymphagoga Stgr. i. 1. (28 d), from Bolivia (Cocapota), is one of the smallest species, and has on nymphugofja 

 the forewing a considerable amount of black marking, also a black median spot, but in the ^ the hindwing is 

 entirely without markings. The $ has on the forewing more black markings (the marginal macular band 

 reaches to the inner angle) and the hindwing has rather large black marginal spots, also small submarginal 

 spots, and is besides somewhat dark-scaled. The under surface, especially at the apex of the forewing, is more 

 marked with black than in the other small species. 



P. nysias Weym. (28 e), from Bolivia (Illimani and Cocapota), is distinguished at once by the under nijslas. 

 surface of the hindwing, which (as in Andina huanaco) is grey with black spots. The $$ are vivid sulphur- 



V 13 



