APROTOPOS; CALLITHOMIA. /?// 7/. Ilanisch. 127 



M. macrinus Hew. {= $ numcrianus Fldr.) (34 b) has mostly 3 oblong ycllcnv spots in the black apical marrimin. 

 third of the I'orewing as a remnant of the oblique band at the end of the cell. Between the median and its 

 first branch is generally placed another, triangular black spot, especially in the J. The latter has moreover 

 in the disc of the hindwing above a black longitudinal band, which is indicated beneath and in the $ onlj- 

 at the apex, or the black band is entirely absent beneath also. This species is deceptively similar to Hdiconius 

 metafhorus, with which it also occurs together. The examples from Colombia are distinguished by large black 

 spots in the basal part of the forewing and broad black longitudinal band on the hindwing; those from Panama 

 and Costa Rica have narrower wings, spots and bands. The specimens from Ecuador on the other hand have 

 a bright j-ellow oblique band and small yellow spots in the forewing: the black spot at the median is mostly absent. 



M. nessaea Hhn. (34 b) differs from macrinus in the yellow longitudinal band of the hindwing and the vrssara. 

 two yellow dots at the end of the cell and the distal margin of the forewing. The species is especially common 

 in Central Brazil. — sulphurescens Hsch., from Bahia in Brazil, forms the transition to the following sub- j'.^',,!"""'''" 

 species. It differs from nessaea in the alisence of the two yellow median dots; from lysimnia in the yellow 

 instead of white subapical spot. — lysimnia F. (34 b) is distinguished from nessaea by the white subapical liisiiiniiii. 

 spot and the absence of the yellow median dots in the forewing. — In ab. albescens Hsch. there is a white tri- iilhrsrcn^. 

 angular spot at the distal margin of the forewing and on the under surface the subapical spot is surrounded 

 by a white macular band, which shows through above. — The larva of lysimnia is blue-grey with white tubercles 

 and black stigmata. Pupa shiny gold-yellow, with a silver gloss on the ventral side, and with black dots and lines. 

 — lysimnia is one of the commonest species of Alechunitis and flies principally in Central and South Brazil. 



13. Genus: A|>i'otoi)OS Kirb 



,'/• 



Aprotopos is distinguished from the very similar Thyridia, na Mecluinitis horn Melinaea, hy the •d])Oi-ted 

 forelegs, from Mecltanitis by the shorter cell. The species of this genus may be recognised superficially by 

 1 — 2 red-brown dots at the base of the forewing. 



Tlie few species have mostly a wide distribution, Init are almost evei'ywhere only taken singly. 



A. melantho Bates (34 c). This Central American species differs from all the others in the intense colouring mdntilho. 

 of the wings. The normally vitreous spots of the forewing are almost entirely covered with black. The hind- 

 wing is dark red-brown with black distal margin and spot at the end of the cell. — In a form from the 

 volcano Chiriqui, which I call randolis jorm. nov., the whole apex of the hindwing as far as the end of the cell ratiddlis. 

 is black-brown except for a small red-brcnvn streak. 



A. aedesia Dhl. & Hew. (34c) lias the same scheme of markings as melantho, but the vitreous spots aedesia. 

 of the forewing are much larger and especially at the base yellow-ljiown. The disc of the hindwing is likewise 

 light yellow-brown, not so red-brown as in the figure. The black spot at the end of the cell is connected 

 with the costal margin. Especially in Colombia and Venezuela. 



A. ceto Fldr. (= colomltiana Godm. & Scdv.). This rare species has the markings as in psidii, on ccto. 

 the other hand a brownish ground-colour similar to aedesia. Colombia. 



A. psidii L. (34c). The similarity of this species to Thyridia confusa has been already mentioned under psidii. 

 the latter. It occurs in Guiana and on the Lower and Upper Amazon, to the Andes of Peru and Ecuador. 

 Specimens from the first named districts have broader black margins and bands; those from Ecuador and Pern 

 have been designated ino by Feldeb. i"o. 



A. hippodamia F. (= pytho Fldr.), from Central and Southern Brazil, is a very similar, but smaller species hlppodtimia 

 with broader liands on the f(n-ewing and narrower ones on the hindwing. — pallida (ludni. dc Scdv. is a form ptillidu. 

 with brownish vitreous spots, similar to ceto; in Central Brazil. 



14. Genus: Callithoiiiia Bates. 



In the species of this genus not the lower discocellular but the middle one is angled. The cell is long 

 and extends almost to the margin. They are mostly medium-sized species, which occur especially in the north- 

 west of South America and also in Central America. 



C. hezia Hew. (36 b) has very broad wings and strongly recalls Hirsutis pinihias in the marking. There hesia. 

 occur here as there also the corresponding varieties, in which a yellow macular liand is present on the hind- 

 wing. hezia is the commonest form, from Central America, with black-brown, yellow-spotted forewing and 

 red-brown hindwing with dark apex. — hedila dodm. ((■ Scdv. is a form from Guatemala with larger, partly hcdila. 



