Publ. 31. V. 1909. SAIS; SCAD A. By R. tiaensch. 137 



pointed. The antennae are black. — In the similar avila Hsclt., from eastern Ecuador, the club of the antenna avila. 

 is yellow-brown, the wings are narrower and the forewing has beneath 7 white marginal spots, in pharo only 

 3—4 apical spots. — crOCOdes Bates, from the Upper Amazon, differs from the preceding by the black collar crocodes. 

 and patagia, which in the latter are red-brown. 



N. thira Heiv., from Peru, has the size and markings like sylphis Guer. (3G a), from Bolivia, but a red- "'«''«•. 

 yellow stripe in the distal margin of the hindwing. On the under surface lioth forms have yellow-brown, dark- 

 edged margins and 2 white dots in the apex. 



The similar N. verticilla Hew. (36 a) has only a dark half-band across the discocellular and towards the vcrlicilln. 

 apex a smaller, white patch. — sodalis Hsch., which occurs together with the preceding at the boundaries of Peru sodalis. 

 and Bolivia, is similarly marked. It has, however, a yellow base to the costal margin of the hindwing beneath, 

 whilst in verticilla this is yellow-brown like the other margins. 



18. Genus: 8ais Hbn. 



This small genus contains only a few forms of scarcely medium size, which are all very nearly allied and 

 occur in northern South America, but are mostly not common. The species may be recognized by the long cell 

 of the hindwing with feebly angled middle discocellular and by the strongly aborted forelegs of the ,^(^. 



S. paraensis Hsch. (36 c), from the Lower Amazon, has yellow-brown ground-colour; apex and 2 spots paraiinns. 

 at the end of the cell of the forewing, as well as distal margin and median band on the hindwing, black-brown, 

 Forewing with broad yellow oblique band. — badia Hsch. (= mosellina Stc/r. i. I.), from the Upper Amazon, hadia. 

 is a large local form with chestnut-brown ground-colour and smaller yellow oblique band. — camariensis Hsch.,cumaricnsis. 

 from British Guiana, has light yellow-brown ground-colour, a large red-brown spot in the apex of the forewing 

 and a yellow longitudinal band at the median of the hindwing. — In rosalia Cr.. the oldest form, from Surinam, rosalia. 

 the apex is not black-brown but like the yellow-brown ground-colour. Otherwise this form is very near to paraensis. 

 . — In the larger virchovi Dew. the apex of the forewing is black-brown and the yellow oblique band very narrow virchovi. 

 and dentate. — mosella Hew. (36 c), which likewise comes from Venezuela, has a red-brown spot at the apex of the mosella. 

 forewing, whilst the median band of the hindwing is almost entirelv absent. 



*&' 



S. promissa Weym. and zitella Hew. (36 c) have broader wings and a yellow-brown apex to the forewing V^omissa. 

 with black-brown marginal teeth, much as Ceratinia pardalina. The spots of the median band and the distal- 

 marginal teeth of the hindwing are merged together in pairs into black stripes, so that streaks of the yellow-brown 

 ground-colour are left between them. Both forms fly on the Upper Amazon, and promissa has a large, broad, 

 yellow oblique band, like paraensis, whilst in zitella this is short and narrow. 



19. Genu.s: Hcsida Kirby. 



This genus includes only a few delicate, yellow and black forms, which are almost all very similar and 

 mostly occur in the neighbourhood of the equator. It has the forelegs of the (^^ strongly aborted in common 

 with the preceding genus and the superficially similar Aeria. It may be recognized especially by the long upper 

 discocellular, which to some extent forms a branch of the subcostal. — In size some forms are inferior even to 

 the true Ithomiids and are hence the smallest of the whole family. 



The *S'ca(Za-species mostly occur in the thick undergrowth in the primeval forest, only coming into the 

 open spaces in dull weather, when they are found feeding at small, white star-shaped flowers. 



The rare S. zemira Hew. (36 d), from Ecuador, is the only species which in addition to very broad black ::eviira. 

 markings has also a red-brown double spot at the hinder angle of the forewing. 



S. kusa Hew. has- somewhat narrower margins, it differs from the normal markings in that the oblique kusa. 

 band joins the inner margin of the forewing, cutting off a yellow spot at the hinder angle. It flies, like the smaller 

 ethica Heu\ (36 d), in Ecuador. In the latter a yellow spot at the apex of the hindwing is cut off by a blackish elhica. 

 transverse band across the end of the cell, as is also the case in Napeogenes lamia and Ithomia derasa from the 

 same localities. — excellens Srka. is a local form from Ecuador, in which the black distal margins are almost excellens. 

 entirely suppressed, the marginal dots being very large and yellow. — - quotidiana Hsch., from the middle Napo quotidiana. 

 in Ecuador, approximates to ethica; but the characteristic transverse band on the hindwing is absent. 



S. zibia Hew. is a similar species from Colombia and Ecuador with more pointed apex to the forewing zibia. 

 and red-brown collar. — xanthina Bates (36 d) is a similar form with broader, deeper black margins and more xanthina. 

 vivid yellow. It is the only Central American form; from Panama and Costa Eica. — amplificata Hsch., from amplificata. 

 eastern Colombia, is larger, with broad blackish margins and larger white marginal dots, especially at the apex 

 of the forewing. 



V 18 



