186 TAYGETIS. By G. Weymer. 



yellow or light brownish grey band of 10 mm in breadth, sprinkled with dark brown dots. This form occurs 

 in Mexico, in Honduras and other countries of Central America, on the Amazon (Ega), in Eciiador, Surinam 

 cxcavata. and South Brazil (Blumenau). — excavata 7?/?r. (44 c), a fiirther form of mer«(cria., is distinguished by having 

 the posterior part of the hindwing rather more deeply excised at the distal margin between veins 1 b and 3. 

 The forewing is likewise produced into a long point at the costal margin. From Honduras and Colombia i). 



armiUata. T. amiillata Bllr. is intermediate between mermeria and yplhima. Somewhat smaller than the for- 



mer. Expanse 90 — 95 mm. The forewing runs out into a point, which is not so elongated as in tene- 

 brosus and excavata. The hindwing is produced into sharp teeth at veins 1 b to 4. Upper surface olive-brown, 

 the margin somewhat darker, the ciliae lighter. The principal difference from mermeria lies in the position of 

 the median band on the underside of the hindwing. This band is not straight as in mermeria, but curved and 

 running parallel with the distal margin. The eye-spots on both wings are miich smaller and those of the fore- 

 jbiina. wing are placed in a nearly straight row. From Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia. — jimna Btlr. (44 d) is a form 

 of armiUata, which only differs in the lighter colour of the under surface and in the less angled, more promi- 

 nent transverse band. From Panama, Thauropolis. 



larua. T. larua Fldr. (46 a). Somewhat smaller than nrmillaki (80 — 85 mm expanse). Upper surface unicolo- 



rous dark olive-brown, the apex of the forewing somewhat produced. The teeth on the hindwing are some- 

 what less prominent than in arrniZZata. The under surface dusted with steely black-grey, especially the hindwing, 

 which is slightly glossy. The transverse bands are very narrow, but cjuite as much curved as in armiUata. 

 From Colombia (Bogota) and Paraguay. The figure is taken from Felder's type in the Tring Museum. 



ypthima. ^' Ypthima Hbn. (= chelys Burm.) (44 d). Forewing with pointed apex, below this the distal margin 



somewhat incurved. Hindwing with pointed teeth on veins lb to 4. Upper surface olive-brown, with dark 

 brown border about 3 mm in breadth. Cilia yellowish grey. The under surface is very variable, in the ty- 

 pical form brownish yellow, finely marbled with brown, on the forewing with 2 lilac-coloured transverse bands, 

 between and behind which the ground-colour often becomes dark brown. On the hindwing two darker, some- 

 what curved dentate transverse bands and a row of whitish dots, which are surrounded by brown rings. Of 

 these the one which is placed in cellule 2 often stands out as a distinct white spot. Modifications occur of the 

 most varied kinds. The transverse lines become broader, are united into brown spots, and these again into 

 brown longitudinal stripes. Distributed in South Brazil, province of Rio de Janeiro (Petrojiolis), province 

 Ophelia, of St. Catharina (Joinville, Blumenau), province of Rio Grande do Sul (Porto Alegre), Paraguay. — Ophelia 

 Btlr. (44 d) is a form of ypthima with almost unicolorous, brownish ochre-yellow under .surface to the hindwmg, 

 with somewhat lighter but indistinct median band and small black dots in yellow rings. From Joinville. — 

 xanUppe. xantippe Btlr. (44 d) has the under surface of the hindwing almost entirely brown with a large reddish yellow 

 semibrun- area at the apex and a spot of the same colour in the middle. From Blumenau. — semibrunnea form. nov. (44 d) 

 is a further form of yptkhna- with yellowish grey, brown-dusted hindwing. which has an ablireviated brown basal 

 band and a brown median band extending from the costal to the inner margin. Moreover, the whole distal 

 margin is broadly dark brown nearly to this band, so that between the two there only remains a narrow stripe 

 of the ground-colour, which is interrupted in places. From Blumenau. — The egg and the first 4 stages of 

 the larva of true ypthima were described by Muller. The egg, which is laid by the butterfly on the underside 

 of the bamboo leaves, is globular, divided by low ridges into hexagonal areas. The larva in the first stage is 

 5 — 8 mm. long. Head light brown, rugose, with 2 horns divided at the tip and 3 conical elevations at each side, 

 each of which is provided with a stiff, clavate, bristle. The horns are whitish at the base, blackish brown at 

 the tip. The body is much narrower than the head, whitish green, the middle segments somewhat thickened, 

 covered with isolated, short, finely clubbed bristly hairs. The anal tail-fork is short. In the second stage the 

 whole head is covered with bristle-bearing tubercles, anteriorly there are 2 brown parallel curved marks, of which 

 the proxinial one disappears in the later moults ; moreover, on the body there are a white dorsal line and one, 

 later two white lateral stripes. In the 3rd and 4th stages the lateral points on the head become gradiuiUy short- 

 er, whilst the upper points of the horns remain. In the 4tli stage the head is pale grey, margined with brown. 

 Between the horns is placed a black-brown spot, which is narrowed posteriorly and jjasses into the dark grey 

 dorsal stripe. This is alternately narrow and wide, and forms with the anteriorly yellow-green, posteriorly 

 orange-yellow subdorsal stripes and the green and white lateral stripes a very complicated pattern. Muller 



') Whether the larva which Stoll figures in the supplement to Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen, pi. 7, I'ig. 1, really belongs to iner- 

 merid Cr., appears to me somewhat questionable, as its shape does not correspond to that of the known Satyrid larvae and also 

 the food-plant of this larva (the orange tree) leads one to suspect a mistake. Otherwise only grasses, bamboo and sugar-cane are 

 known as food-plants for the Satyrid larvae. The larva figured is 42 mm long, 7 mm thick; on the dorsum red-brown with while, 

 zigzag longitudinal stripe and with seven long, red and white, hairy spines; on the sides are placed w-hite hairs, which cover the 

 legs. At the anal end two tufts, which likewise bear red and white hairs. The head is triangular, with black and white hairs; on 

 the frons two white stripes which run up sideways from the white mouth-parts to the frons and are joined into a point above. 

 Food-plant: orange tree. The pupa is hung up perpendicularly, 30 mm long, 12 mm thick, with two short points on Ihe head, 

 green in colour and yields the butterfly in 14 days. Further investigations must decide whether SxoLl.'s figure really represents 

 the larva of mermeria. 



nea. 



