290 DASYOPHTHALMA. By H. Fruhstorfer. 



pharnaces. with Boisduval's collection. — pharnaces Stick, is smaller than the preceding subspecies. The white oblique 

 band on the upperside of the fore wing somewhat broader, more sharply defined, although somewhat dusted 

 at the proximal side, posteriorly tei'minating obtusely before the middle median vein and not running out 

 towards the distal margin as in macrosiris strix. The single spot posterior to it much reduced. Hind wing 

 with narrower white bordering. On the under surface the transverse striation throughout coarser, on the fore- 

 wing red-brown; it disappears beyond the cell and in the distal area, in the submedian interspace there is only 

 an indistinct shading. In the cell of the hindwing and beyond it the striation is widened into narrow strii^es 

 and in places reticulate, the ground-colour of the wing almost rust-red instead of yellowish. The elongate 

 eye-spot in the costal area light red-brown, less shaii^ly expressed, the other two ocellated spots in the radial 

 and lower median cellules also only indistinct. Border at the distal margin narrowly greenish. Only 1 J* 

 from Bolivia (Coroico, Yungas, at 2000 m.) known. 



napoleon. D. napolcon Westiv. (62 b) seems to be an archaic, nearly extinct species, exclusively confined to the 



stateof Rio de Janeiro, and even there only recorded from Petropolis ; from time to time the splendid butterfly 

 has been successfully bred from the larva. The larva, although known for over 30 years, has not yet been described. 

 According to von Bonninghausen it lives on one of the Bromeliaceae, with non-dentate leaves. $ considerably 

 larger than the (^, which we figure, the underside of the hindwing with somewhat lighter orange marginal 

 area, as in darius F. Forewing, however, with black median area, hindwing throughout ochre-yellow, dusted 

 with lighter near the base. The black veins stand out very sharply against the grovind-colour. 



II. Subfamily: Caligoninae. 



Larva with forked tail and with horns on the head. 



4. Genus: Das^'oplitlialiiia Westiv. 



A small but interesting genus, which in general aspect and also in its habits recalls the Indian Thau- 

 mantis, particularly lucipor and odana. Only one species (creusa) has the colouring darker. In the densely 

 haired eyes Dasyophfluilma differs from all the other Brassolids. Structurally it approaches the genus Caligo, 

 but the precostal cell is strikingly broader, especially considering the smaller size of the body. Head and body 

 more slender than in the preceding genus. Antenna less than half the length of the wings. Forewing triangular 

 with the inner angle rounded, hindwing in the t^ with the apex jDronounced and the distal margin undulate. 

 Wings above black or C[uite dark brown, sometimes with a bright blue reflection, the under surface with pupilled 

 ocelli. The (J bears on the upperside of the hindwing a scent-spot at the posterior margin of the cell. Like 

 its Indian relative, Thaumantis, the species of DasyojMhabna exclusively inhabit dense forests, where they 

 always keep near the ground, only leaving the damp cover when baited with hung up bananas. One species 

 (rusina) I have never seen flying at all ; all my examples I owe exclusively to this bait, which they visit 

 together with Eryphanis reevesi, Prepona species and occasionally a Morpho catenarius. Probably they have all 

 only one brood. According to my recollection they appear in Santa Catharina in February, only worn examples 

 are still to be taken by the end of March and at the beginning of April they disappear completely. Concern- 

 ing the early stages nothing further is known than that the larva lives on bamboo. Distribution: central and 

 southern Brazil. 



creusa. D. creusa splits up into two local races: creusa Hbn. (62 c), only known as yet from Santa Catharina 



and Rio Grande do Sul, aj^pears to be very local, but to occur in abundance in suitable localities. My collector, 

 Julius Michaells, and I myself captured nearly 1000 examples in the course of 2 years at Theresopolis 

 and in the valley of the Capivary River. At Blumenau it seems only to occur sparingly and in Rio Grande, 

 at the extreme limit of its range, it is one of the greatest rarities. I possess no $$ from Rio Grande. The upper 

 surface is black, the forewing traversed from the apex to the middle of the inner margin by a bone-yellow 

 gradually widening oblique band. The $, of which we figure the under surface, is considerably larger than the 

 cj, with broader bands, beneath paler grey-green. Upper surface: hindwing only with two or three yellowish 

 splashes in the middle of the costal margin. The median band of the forewing more vertical, broader than in 

 the (J, less pure yellow, more greenish, connected with the costal border by a transcellular row of in- 

 distinct spots. Before the apex of the cell on the hindwing somewhat dusted with greenish. (J with long yellow- 

 ish hair-tuft at the basal part of the cell of the hindwing. Flies February to April, creusa is par excellence a 

 visitor to sweets and comes at any hour of the day to hung-up bananas; frequently it is even tempted at 

 night by the sweet, rotting fruit and I found it repeatedly as a not particularly welcome addition in the 

 barotiesa. killing bottles in which I was taking the baited Heterocera. — baroiiesa Stick, is a not sharply differentiated 

 local form discovered by my collector J. Michaelis in Espiritu Santo, and apparently also occuring in Rio de 

 Janeiro, where according to von Bonninghausen it is not very rare at Petropolis. (J di.stinguishable from 



