312 ERYPHANIS. By H. Fruhstorfer. 



local form from eastern Colomliia, whieli there replaces lycomedon Fldr. and is much nearer to the Bolivian 

 cheiremon and imrdi Bdv. from Matto Cirosso. o with the submarginal band of tlie foiewing nearly twice as broad 

 as \i\ lycomedon and grey instead of yellowish, the refletcion on the upper surface brilliant blue, not violet; 

 $ differing from that of folyxena Mcerb. in having a broader, paler yellow-grey longitudinal band on the fore- 

 wing, distally enclosuig two large black spots (ocelli). Apex of the cell and the whole circumcellular region 

 pale yellow-grey. Basal pai't of the cell black instead of dark blue as in automedon. Hindwing with only a restrict- 

 ed glossy blue discal area. C'ell grey-black, the distal border extending nearly to the cell, deep black. Under 

 surface lighter than in automedon. Apex of the cell and median part of the forewing, basal and median area 

 of the hindwing nearly whitish grey, with slight purple tinge. Upper Rio Negro. East Colombia, 800 m.. disco- 

 vered by Fa.ssl. 



E. reevesi divides into three branch-races in central and soutiiern Brazil. In habitus it approaches 

 E. polyxena ampliimedon Fldr., together with which it occurs. The (J, hoM'ever, is easy to distinguish from ainphi- 

 medoH by its smaller size and dark blue-violet ground-colour and the $ by its brighter yellow but narrower 

 bands, reevesi is regarded as the commonest of the known species; it is not difficult to bait it with fruits 

 spread out or hung up and it is found in 8ta. C'atharina, both in the elevated localities and in the hot valleys 

 at the "Waldschanken", where it often drinks at one place for hours. But the scales are very loosely attached 

 hciiikhroa. and it is difficult to obtain perfect specimens. — hemichroa5//f., described from Minas Geraes, probably differs 

 somewhat from examplas from Rio de Janeiro and Espiritu Santo, and may be taken to include specimens from 

 Bahia, which differ from more southern reevesi in their small size and also in the somewhat paler violet of the upper 

 surface and the predominantly pale grey-brown under surface, which in Bahia cJo appears washed-out as in the more 

 reevesi. southern $$ of the collective species. • — reevesi Westtr. extends A\'ith little variation from Espiritu Santo to 

 Santa Catharina, where I found it from January to March in dark- forests. Forewing of the q dark brown, 

 distal margin grey-yellow ; distal part tinged with deep violet ; this colour is anteriorly broad, extends into the 

 posterior, projecting angle of the cell, and is narrowed towards the hindmargin : the apex remains free. Hindwing 

 similar, but with the violet sliade darker and still more ill-defined. In an obHc^ue light the blue shows here 

 distally and behind the cell as a vaguely defined median area, brighter on the veins than in the interspaces. 

 Scent-spot in the anal area spongy, surrounded by a narrow, light glossy ring, placed in a distinct hollow in the 

 memln'ane of the wing, visible on the under surface as a raised swelling. Length of the forewing. o 53, $ 55 mm. 

 — Larva (according to G. W. Mullee) on Olyi-a latifolia L. and Bambusa; it sits close and broadly appressed 

 on the underside of the leaves. Body when young yellowish with red dorsal and lateral stripes, slender, poster- 

 iorly narrowed, with long forked tail, which in the resting posture is horizontally pressed together or separated 

 and ei'ected. Afterwards green-red wi.tli dark dorsal line, red, white and bmwn longitudinal stripes; when full- 

 grown the dorsal area pure green, posteriorly and anteriorly narrowed, terminating in a ])oint on the 11th seg- 

 ment, finely edged with brown: lateral stripes brown and white, at the posterior margin of the middle seg- 

 ments black warts (false spines) of considerable size. Head large, broad, elongate, anteriorly steeply sloped, 

 approximately quadrate, with 3 pairs of short horns; at first whitish with brown stripes, afterwards dark gi'een 

 in the middle with white, brown-edged stripes, which viewed from above, run in the same direction as the stripes 

 of the body. — • Pupa elongate, similar to the rolled-up leaf of a Monocotyledon, with very long horns placed 

 close together, angles indistinct, ground-colour dirty brown-yelloA^-. 



E. zolvizora is a very rare species, which is distributed from Colombia to Bolivia and of which tAvo branch- 

 zolvhora. es have been described. — zolvizora Hew., originally from Bolivia, perhaps distributed northwards as far as 

 Peru. Upper surface dark red-brown with a band on the forewing composed of four or five crescentic ochre- 

 yellow spots and yellowish brown terminal border on the hindwing. Under surface brown with a broad yellowish 

 white subbasal and an angled, similarly coloured but much narrower median band. Otherwise very similar to 

 fee?;e5i, which it replaces in Bolivia and the Andean region. Known to me from Corsico, Bolivia, 1200 m. ■ — 

 opimus, Opfmus Stgr. is the northern branch. In it the band of the forewing is more continuous, somewhat narrower, 

 the longitudinal stripes on the imderside somewhat extended, more yellowish, somewhat narrower. Tj'pe from 

 Manizales, in the Cauca Valley, West Colombia, before me from the Rio Aquaca Valley, West Cordillera, Colom- 

 bia, from 2000 m. In Ecuador and Peru occurs an allied race, which has not yet been sufficiently noticed, al- 

 though Staudinger has already pointed out some slight differences. The egg is similar to that of C. oberthueri 

 Deyr. in size and appearance, but with protuberances at both sides. The colour is bone-white, but in conse- 

 quence of a fluid which is secreted by the ovipositor it looks as if irregularly plastered with rose-red. The rare 

 $ mosth' attains the size of a small Caligo. 



seleucida. E. seleucida Heu\, another rare species, is above similar to Caligo iUloneus Or. LTnder surface remark- 



able for the strikingly large ocelli. ^■. above rust-brown, anteriorly in the median area somewhat lighter, dis- 

 tal area broadly dark brown, the margin itself narrowly dirty ochre-yellow. Xearthe distal margin with a narrow, 

 undulate, ochre-yellow, slightly reddish transverse band, from which arises anteriorly, but indefinitely connected, 

 a short, strongly curved and angled, somewhat duller coloured accessory band, which, however, like the main band, 

 does not quite reach the costal margin. In the fork of the bands 2 black spots and at the end of the principal branch 



