384 



HELK'ONIUS. By Dr. A. Seitz. 



muzoensis. submedian spots on the fore wing; from Honduras. — ab. muzoensis Neust., from Muzo in Colombia, is more 

 like dara, but has on the forewing a second row of 5 yellow subapical spots. Most of these forms are, whereever 

 they occur, rather conimon. 



H. cydno. In this group to which Riffarth in his classical Work on the Heliconiidae refers about 20 



forms, we find, with a single exception (galmtJms), on the hindwing a pale, white, lemon-yellow or light blue 



band which, however, may greatly vary in its position upon the otherwise black wing. Forewings black, often 



Jiermogenes. with a lovely blue lustre, nearly always with lemon-yellow or white bands or spots. — hermogenes Hew. (74 d) 



from the Cauca Valley has the apical area of the black forewings spotted with white, as in the white-spotted 



variety of zuleika; hindwing with a pale yellow submarginal band, about 3 — 4 mm from the terminal border. 



This gives it a close resemblance to Tithorea humboldti (32 a) or, if the spots are clear white, to its aberration 



albomaculnta Hsch. but only on the upper siirface (there being also another Heliconms mimicking the under 



galanthus. surface of that Danaid species). — galanthus Bat. ("4 d) from Central America (and Peru?) is above a lovely 



black-blue; forewing with a broadly white, wedge-shaped band, hindwing with a terminal row of white spots. 



Above it is a true representation of Hel. leuce (11 e), which, however, lacks on the hindwing the terminal 



spots; but underneath it looks entirely different, with brown curved stripes crossing the cell and accompanying 



the termen. In Honduras both species which, although not closely allied, cannot be distinguished when flying, 



zelindc. are generally met with on the same bush or even on the same blossoms. — zelinde Btlr. (74 d) is another form 



from Western Colombia, having on the under surface of the hindwing the white marginal spots very distinct, 



stubeli. but above only faintly shining through from underneath. — stubeli Riff, has on the forewing the band more 



regular, not projecting into the cell, but in addition two rows of white terminal spots Costa Rica. — 



dioireplies. diotrephes Hew. Forewings with white marginal spots above, hindwings with a yellow costal streak underneath; 



chioneus. otherwise like galanthus. From Nicaragua and Guatemala. — chioneus Bat. (74 c) has the white band of the 



fore^^ing narrower, more uniform than in galanthus: on the hindwing the juarginal spots are united into a sub- 



cydno. marginal band, likewise white. West Colombia and Panama. — In typical cydno Z)tif/. and //etc. (74 d) the band 



of the forewing is yellow; widely distributed and very common in Colombia, every lot of "Bogota"-buttertlies 



hahneli. containing it. — • hahneli Stgr. (74 c) from Merida (Venezuela), discovered by Dr. Hahnel, has on the foiewing 



alithea. the yellow band narrower, with a few spots directly before the apex. — alithea Hew. from Ecuador is almost 



like hahneli, but on the hindwings the submarginal spots form a broad terminal band, without any black 



hroncus. between them and the termen. — broncus Stich. has in the place of the reguhw band of the hindwing some 



JiaenscM. triangular terminal spots. — haenschi Biff, from Balzabamba (Ecuador), a discovery of Dr. Haensch's, is 



iemerinda. an alithea with wliite instead of yellow band of the forewing. — temerinda Hew. (= tamarinda Ky., termei'inda 



Riff.) from Colombia has the band (f the hindwing lemon-yellow, but rather distant from the termen; the band 



of the forewing resembles that of hahneli, but is somewhat curved, either white or lemon-yellow (= flavifascia 



epicydnides. noni. mul.) ; apex often with a few dots. — epicydnides Stgr. (74 e) from Rio Dagua and the Cauca Valley has on the 



forewing the band divided into two lemon-yellow oblique stripes; the band of the hindwing occasionally 



subeydnides. margined with black spots. — in subcydnides Stgr. from the same locality the white band is on the hindwing 



cydnides. even farther distant from the termen; in cydnides Stgr., likewise from Colombia, it is placed at about 1 mm. 



weymeri. from the termen, being about a.s broad as in cydno. — weymeri Stgr. (74 e) from the southern Cauca Valley 



and the Rio Dagua, resembles in the forewing epicydnides, but the hindwings lack the marginal border, having 



oil either side a straight, broad, somewhat pointed median band traversing the cell directly behind the base. 



— Occasionally the forewings have in the place of the bands a larger, white median spot, and both wings 



submargina- underneath a row of round white submarginal spots: ab. submarginalis Fassl i. 1. (74 e); on the other hand the 



lis. forewings may also be on either side quite black as in weymeri: = ab. gustavi Stgr. (74 f). 



pachinus. H. pachinus Salv. (74 f). This most characteristically marked species stands quite by itself. Upper 



surface black, forewing with two oblique bands, hindwing ^with one submarginal fascia. From the Volcano 

 Chiriqui. 



heurippa. H. heurippa. This small group forms a transition from the cydno- to the meljiomene-group, the yellow 



oblique band of the forewing showing some red. In heurippa Heir. (75 a) from Colombia this band is broad, 



■wernickei. half j'ellow and half red. — wernickei Stgr. (75 a) resembles the preceding in the bi-coloured band, which is 



emilius. only somewhat more regular; hindwing with a broad, clear white submarginal band. — emilius Weym. 



(74y as fassli) *) has the bi-coloured band of the forewing narrower and that of the hindwing suffused with 



rubellius. grey-blue. — In rubellius Sm. and Ky. (74 f) finally, the yellow portion of the quite narrow band has almost 

 completely disappeared, and the hindwings are entirely black; all are found in Colombia. 



vielpomme. H. melpomene L. (75 a). The t_>'pical melpomene is found in Guayana, Northern BrazO, Ecuador, 



Peru and probably also in. the adjacent parts of Bolivia. When fresh, it is brillant black with a 

 scarlet oblique band. But these colours fade very easily into black-brown and minium-red. In this state 



*) This spouhiK'ii had been sent to me as fasuli Wcym. i. 1. Since, however, after the phite was printed, but before 

 it« publication, another Heliconius was described as fassli, this one' received the name of emilius Weym. 



