HELIGONIUS. By Dr. A. Seitz. 389 



of the hindwing minium-red; from Amazonas and Guayana. — astydaniia Erichs. (= cnunelinaOi'^er//;.) from the astydamia. 



same locality, is brighter red, but on the hindwings the rays are nnly well developed in the b.asal half. • — 



lucretius Weym., from Guayana, Venezuela and Amazonas as far as Bolivia, has on the forewing the yellow lucretius. 



discal spots not frayed as in aoede, but uniti'd into a large compact spot. — ■ In bartletti Druce (= vediu-^ hartlelti. 



Stgr.) (76 f ) the sulphur-yellow marldngs of tJie forewing are reduced to a short band, preceded by a small 



bi-or triangidar cell-spot. The red rays on tjie hindwing very fine. Amazonas and Ecuador. — cupidiaeus cupidiaeus. 



Stick, from Peru has tjie y<'llow subapical band of the forewing narrower and more oblique, the upper surface 



more intensely red. — faleria Fruhst. from Matto Grosso resembles bartletti, but the stripes of the hindwings faleria. 



are more delicate, aoede and its allies are distinguished by their-violet-like odour. 



H. xanthocles Bat. (77 b). The name-type from Guayana differs from tlie following vola {11 b) in having xanlhodes. 

 the base of the forewing not rufous, but brillant vermillion-red. — vola Stgr. (77 b), likewise from Guayana. vola. 

 has on the fore'wing the base rufous, and before the apex a short sulphur-yellow subapical band, — paraple- paraplesius. 

 sius Bat. resembles vola also in the colouring of the base of the forewing, but has the lemon-yeUow transverse 

 band broader and the adjacent spots smaller; on the hindwing the cell is filled with flame-red and the red rays 

 are very broad. — melete Fldr. (77 b) from ( 'olond?ia, Bolivia and Peru has the lemon-yellow spots on thef j»e?efe. 

 forewing united into a larger discal spot which is only interrupted by the black veins and the crescent- 

 shaped discocellular ; on the forewing the red rays are well developed, biit suffused with brownish. — In 

 melittus Stgr. which stands midway between melete and melior, the yellow spot fornn'ng the end of the cell is meliilus. 

 very much reduced, inconsequence of which the discal patch appears smaller ; the red colouring is lighter than in 

 melete. From Peru. — cethosia forvt. nov. (11 a) is the name given to a new form from Colombia sent to nu' cefhosia. 

 by H. Fassl; the yellow is confined to a small band behind the cell, which is entirely black ; the basal red greatly 

 reduced, although very brillant; underneath the red ra.ys have comjjletely disappeared, the eolouriiig being 

 uniformly black-brown, with a narrow whitish discal fascia. ^ — melior (77 a) ^^g-r. from Ecuador and Peru is very melior. 

 bright fulvous, the lemon-yellow- band at the beginning broad, growing rapidly narrower; on the hindwing 

 a red band before the broader ends of the rays gives it some resemblance to the forms of the penelope- 

 group. 



H. burneyi deviates in its appearance not inconsiderably from the other Heliconius, being closely allied 

 to the following ej/eria-group. Its size is much larger than that of the average Heliconius, often rea.ching 10 cm. 

 in expanse. It is about the only Heliconius which in some localities is really scarce, so that outside of the ty- 

 pical hurneyi none are regulaiiy met with in commerce. It seems that their whole life is passed in the crowns 

 of the trees, for only incidentally and very seldom one sees one of them descend to some more easily accessible 

 height. — hiibneri Stgr. (11 a), is distributed from Guayana throughout Amazonas to Peru and Bolivia. On htihneri. 

 the wing it resembles a large-sized aglaope: Both wings with red-brown basal rays, the forewings with a yellow- 

 transverse blotch composed of 3 spots, and with small subapical spots. On the hindwing the red rays end in 

 very sharj) points in the distal half, in contradistinction to lindigii Fldr. (77 a), where they do not enter the lindUjU. 

 outer half, but at the mo.st reach the height of the end of the cell; Colombia; especially near I\Iuzo. — 

 catliarinae Stgr. has on the hindwing the red-brown colouring even farther reduced; the 3 spots making up the cattiamiae. 

 discal patch are widely separated by heavy black bars of the ground-colour. From Guayana and the Amazon. 

 — The name-tT^i)e burneyi Hhn. found southward as far as Peru, closely resembles hiibneri. but has on the burneyi. 

 forewing the 3 lemon-yellow spots farther apart; the subapical spots, which in hvbneri are very small or entirely 

 obsolete, are larger, frequently united, and the comma-shaped terminal striae on the under surface of the hind- 

 wings, which in hubneri are always distinct, are much fainter. In the North burneyi and hiibneri are always 

 found together in the same localities,' and since there occur all kinds of intermediate forms, hiibneri might 

 be taken for an aberration of burneyi, if it should be found to occur also outside of Peru. 



H. egeria Cr. (= isaea Hbn., ergatis Godt.) bears the same relation to the forms of burneyi with which egeria. 

 it might well be united into a special groiip, as thel.viope (75 d) to aglaope (75 d) : The lemon-yellow discal 

 spot of the forewings breaks up into numerous isolated smaller spots. In typical specimens these a^re very 

 small, and the entire inner half of both wings is suffused w ith purplish-red. From Guayana and AnuT,zonas. — 

 egerides Stgr.. likew-ise from Surinam and Amazonas (Manaos), has on tlu^ forewing only a purplish-brown egerides. 

 subcostal band. — In hyas Weym. from Anuxzonas the basal area of the hindwings is rather yellow than brown- liyas. 

 red, emitting thin, far spreading rays almost to the termen ; astraea Stgr. has the yellow spots of the forewing asiraca. 

 again united, as in burneyi. thus recalling aglaope; but the forewings are more pointed and lack the subapical 

 spots. 



H. doris is one of the most variable species of the genus, which for a Heliconius is saj'ing a great 

 deal. Above all it is remarkable on account of the hindwings varying from red to blue or green and, as if 

 the aberrative combinations thereby possible did not suffice, all the forms may be more or less, or even 



