402 CLOTHILDA. By Dr. A. Seitz. 



biitleri. taken in Costa Rica, belonging to the form butleri Stick. (84 e), described as "generally less brightly coloured". 

 Cuba specimens have the discal area of the fore wing lighter; they were separated as fa. poeyi. Besides those 

 of Costa Rica, Stichel classes with hiUleri also specimens from Peru and Colombia; these, however, can hardly 

 glycera. be distinguished from other South Americans. — glycera i^Wr. (= moneta var. Poe?/) (84 e as moneta) is above 

 more uniformly fulvous, differing therein, according to Staudinger, from typical moneta which have the 

 base chestnut-bro«n. Notwithstanding the great difference between the figured specimens, all possible tran- 

 sitions are knoA\ n ; thus in either form the anal dots on the hindwings may be present or absent, and Stau- 

 DiNGER is right in considering the specific separation of the two forms, although differing so much in their 

 graphota. extremes, doubtful. Described from Venezuela. — graphota Stick, refers to the form of Colombia, distinguished 

 by the darker ground-colour and heavier transverse spot in the cell of the fore wing. But these characte- 

 ristics vary very much, especially according to the altitude. The figured specimen came from Bolivia; it stands 

 apparently midway between those of Peru and Venezuela, being paler than the former, and darker than those 

 from Venezuela. The caterpillar which might give us some clue as to the relationship of the forms, is un- 

 known. The species is very common. 



2. Subfamily: Clothildinae. 



Many authors have placed the only genus belonging to this group near Argynnis, although attention 

 has repeatedly been called to the superficiality of this arrangement. Felder compares it with the Satyridae, 

 HERRiCH-Sc'HAFFrER with tile BrassoUdae; both these authors based their classification upon the neuration, 

 arriving, however, at very curious results, and evidently being at a loss to know where to put them. Diet- 

 rich and Reuter unite them with the Danaids. I just wish to point out that whenever this genus has 

 been united with one or the other subfamily, it was not done without leaving grave doubts in the authors' 

 minds, and I therefore favour the establishment of a subfamily of its own, following Haa.se who regarded 

 it as a Nymphalid s. s., although a very peculiar one. 



1. Genus: Clothilda Blanch. 



Butterflies of large size and most different appearance; all scarce and confined to a limited area, 

 inhabiting only Mexico, Central America and the Antilles. 



Head rather broad; palpi stout, but not distented as in Argynnis, of entirely different structure 

 from that of all other known Nymphalids. Antennae of less than half the length of the costa, feebly clubbed; 

 eyes naked; thorax strong; abdomen slender and rather short. Wings broad and large, the cell in the forewing 

 closed, very broad. On the forewing the first subcostal nervide arises before, the second at the end of the 

 cell, the third beyond it. The median nervules far apart. Hindwings large, with deeply dentate termen, only 

 in the insignis-grGxi^ less distinctly scaloped. Precostal bifurcate, arising at the origin of the subcostal. Costal 

 vein very short, ending before or at the middle of the costa. Nothing" is known about the earlier stages, 

 little about the habits of the imago, except that they prefer the open coi:ntry, and that some count among 

 the greatest rarities. 



numida. C. numida Hbn. (= pantherata H. Sckdff.) (83 d, e) resembles above somewhat a large Argynnis; 



yellow-ochreous, spotted with, black-brown. Termen of forewing with double spots of fulvous. Under surface, 

 especially of the hindwings, marked with dark spots margined with pale hues displaying a resinous, fatty 

 ■pantherata. gloss. From Cuba. — pantherata Mart. (== briarea Godt.) is somewhat smaller, and has both above and under- 

 neath the termen adorned witli double white dots. Cuba and Haiti. Scarce. 



insignis. C. insigtlis Salv. (83 d, e). The forewing has both above and beneath the discal area beautifully 



crimson, spotted with black. On the hindwing the discal area traversed by a band \\hich is yellow-ochreou.s 



tUrza. above, underneath white and broader. From Costa Rica. — thirza Hbn. (= euryale Klg.) is a closely allied 



species, which has been known for some time, occurring in northern Central America and Mexico; forewing 



hkewise with the discus purplish, but the hindwing lacking the pale anteterminal band. 



cuhana. C. cubana Salv. (= jaegeri H. -Sckdff.) (83 d, e) resembles underneath almost exactly insignis. But 



above it is very different, deep fuscous, the forewing with a white macular band; hindwing with a yellow band. 



The typical form is only known from Cuba, where it is rather scarce. The Haiti form w ith which it formerly 



joegeri. was united, differs somewhat : = jaegeri il/e«. Nothing is known of the earlier stages. Uur figure of the under 



surface is rather too large, but cuhana is frequently considerably larger than jaegeri. 



