436 PHYCIODES. By J. Rober. 



the back and purple ones at the side:'. Its body is marked w ith whitish spots, each of which gives rise to a de- 

 hcate black hair, and with rather short black bristle-like spines. Pupa pearly grey, spotted with dark brown. — 

 pascoensis. Wright also mentions a form pascoensis from the west-coast of North America, distinguished by \\eaker 

 dark markings and paler under surface. It is, however, doubtful whether it belongs to nycteis. 



ismeria. Ph. isilieria B,s(l. a. Lee. (= carlota Renk.) (89 c) ranges from Canada to the southern States, and west- 



ward to the Rockies. It is easily recognized by the most curiously marked under surface of the hindwings. 

 $ resembles ^, but larger and paler in colour. Larva yellowish, with blackish spines and 3 blackish longitudi- 

 nal stripes. Head, legs and venter })la' k, prolegs yellow. Pupa light grey with pale spots and short -white lateral 

 humps; lives on Helianthus and Actimeris. — Mr. Chas. D. A. Cockerell (Boulder, Col.) kindly sent us an 

 exact description of the caterpillar (of P. carlota,). The food-plant was Helianthus annuus. Of the caterpillar 

 two different forms are knoAvn: 1. with a row of large, nearly scpiare, orange dorsal spots, the siibdorsal 

 portion black, mottled with cream-white; sides paler, with a broadly reddish band; stigmata contained in elon- 

 gate, angular, greyish-black, white centred spots; underside darker, with the dorsal and subdorsal spines 

 black, the lateral ones pale; head glossy black. The other form is altogether orange-red, with black spines and 

 duU subdorsal and lateral stripes, the latter directly above the base of the feet; head glossy black. Imago 

 appears ui the first days of September. 



vesta. Ph. vesta Edw. (cSyc), from Texas and Mexico, closely resembles a small-sized Melitaea. $ like (j', 



but paler in colour. 



graphica. Ph. graphica Fhlr.. from Mexico (Huahuapan, September), is described by its author as folloAvs: "Al- 



lied to paUescen.s, but the wings broader; forewings shorter, the apex less produced; ground-colour above 

 blackish-fuscous, both sexes with a great numbei' of basal spots, in the cell 2 small bands, the first one 

 enclosing two inner spots, followed beyond the tell by 2 interrupted macular bands (the outer one dusted with 

 ochreous-brown containing 6 irregularly arranged outer spots several of which dusted with ochreous-yellow) 

 and submarginal lunules, the 5. of which, placed between 2. and 3. median, unusually small, obsolete in ^, 

 more or less dusted with ochre-yellow. HindwLng with a rather large blotch in the outer half of the cell, 

 2 discal bands much broader in $ than in ^, the 3. outer band composed of distinctly separated, black centred 

 lunules, in another $ specimen these are dusted with yellowish-brown before the termen ; otherwise somewhat 

 resembling pallescens, but with the discal band ochreous-yellow, edged anteriorly on the inside by very narrow 

 blackish spots. Under surface of the hindwings broadly clouded with fulvous behind the cell and at termen; 

 base, the spaces between the discal bands, apex of wings and space between 2. and 3. median dusted with \\hi- 

 tish at the edge. — According to Salvin and Godman this form is completely identical with vesta. 



phaon. Ph. phaon Srf(r. (89 c) is one of the smallest species of this group. $ like J. Found in the Gulf States 



of North America, occasionally met with also m Kansas. 



iharus. Ph. tharos Dru. (= pulchella i?6YZ., morphea Cr., tharossa Godt.) (89d), the "Pearly crescent spot" of 



the Americans, ranges from southern Labrador' to Florida and throughout the entire United States, with the 



marcia. exception of the Pacific Coast of California. It is very common, marcia Edw. (= packardii Saund.) has the 



morpheus. ground colour rather paler, with less dark markings. — morpheus F. (= cocyta Cr. pharos Harr.) is only a 



summer form of tharo.s. — Egg pale greenish-yellow. Larva on various compositae, particularly Asters. Dark 



brown after the third moult, dotted with yello\\' on the back, with short black bristly spines with yellov\' base. 



pedrona. Pupa grey-white with dark spots and lines. — pedrona Moulton, from Brazil (Minas Geraes) I consider as a 



sejiarate species; differs from tharos in the smaller size, the smaller dark spots on the upper surface of the 



iiindwings, and the lack of some of the dark basal spots on the same wing. Forewings with 5 instead of 6 



submarginal spots, arranged in an irregular row ; moreover the pale oblicpie stripe above the cell and the broken 



line at the inner margin as well as the 3 darkest spots on the under surface of the forewings are lacking, 



only a brown submedian mark being visible. 



baiesi. Ph. batesi Realc. (89 d). "Bates' Crescent spot" occurs from New York to Virginia and westwards 



to Ohio. $ resembles (^; the earlier stages not known. 



praiensis. Ph. pratensis i?e7w (= epula S.sd.) (89 d) from California closely resembles Melitaea. ,^ rather gaudily- 



coloured, $ large, pale rufous, with uniform markings. Under surface marked with paler tints. 



thehais. Ph. thebais Godm. a. Salv., distributed from Mexico to Guatemala, differs from the following orseis 



in having the upperside spotted with pale instead of reddish-yellow, and in the hindwings lacking almost 

 every vestige of rufous colouring. 



orseis. Ph. orseis ^'r/jc. (89 d) is found from Washington to Mexico. $ very much like o*, but with all the dark 



markings larger, the light ones still paler. The earlier stages remain to be worked out. 



