COEA; SMYRNA; PYCINA. By Dr. A. Seitz. 471 



(about like a Charaxes). Probably it owes its constancy to this great power of flight, so that in its enor- 

 mous range no permanent races have been developed. Specimens which lie before me from Bolivia and Ecuador 

 differ in nothing from those coming from Colombia or South Brazil. Only in Haiti the orange area of the fore- 

 wing is said to be somewhat broader and the distal margin of the hindwing brighter white. Eor this form 

 Fkuhstorfer re.servcs the name odius F., otherwise treated as a synonym. Very common in tropical America, odius. 

 and by preference keeping near the Indian huts, on heai)s of refuse and in fruit-gardens; at Rio de Janeiro 

 it begins to get rarer and occurs very irregularly. The larvae live on the Embauba and rest very high up, 

 mostly on the upperside of the lobed leaves. 



28. Geiuts: C'oea Hbn. 



The sole butterfly which belongs in this genus I only place here provisionally, as its larva is unknown 

 to me; but as the buttei'flies of the two groups agree very exactly not only in shape, colouring, neuration, 

 etc., but also in the finer structure (Reuter's basal spot of the palpus), I follow Reuter and W. Mi'ller and 

 introduce it there. It is probably very near the Old World KaJliitia and has doubtless nothing to do with 

 Charaxes of the Old and Prepona of the New World. 



C. acheronta F. (= cadmus (V., pherecydes Cj-.) (Kt-td). Similar to the preceding, the disc of the arheronla. 

 forewing duller orange-ochreous, before the apical part of the forewing an oblique chain of white spots; before 

 the apex a small, shining white vitreous costal spot, exactly as in Hist, or ion. Hindwing with a tooth or small 

 tail; beneath marked more like bark than leaves, rather variable and in many specimens recalling certain C7;a- 

 raxes. As, however, nearly every specimen is different beneath I do not regard this variability as constant, 

 and treat cadmus as a synonym. Distributed from Mexico over the Westindies and Central America to South 

 Brazil, where it is still common at times; it rests on tree-trunks head downwards, often with the wings 

 spread out wide, comes to sugar and flies very rapidly. I have no doubt that the unknown larva has short, 

 thick spines and lives on Cecropia. The butterfly is uncommonly variable in size and together with specimens 

 as large as the figured H. orion others occur like a small Pyrnmeis atahuita. 



24. Genus: vSin^riia Hhn. 



Large butterflies with the upper surface golden brown in the o, dark brown in the $, and with 3 

 light subapical spots in the black apical third of the forewing, which is separated from the disc by an 

 obliciue band, dull golden yellow and not sharp in the (^, sulphur-yellow and sharp in the $. Very characte- 

 ristic is the under surface of the hindwing, where a confu.sion of blind or pupilled eye-spots surrounded 1>y rings 

 and with small spots and bands placed between them makes the genus unmistakable. 



S. blomfildia F. (= proserpina F., blomfildii Hhn., bella Godt., pluto WeMiv.) (104 e). J gold-orange bloml'ddia. 

 above, darker in the basal part, the 3 subapical spots white, as also in the 5, the latter with dull yellow 

 oblique band. On the underside of the hindwing there are 4 or 5 dark brown, yellowihh-margined spots 

 between the pupilled eye-spot and the base ; before the pointecl anal angle an obtuse but distinct tooth. In 

 specimens from South America, where the species extends from the north coast southwards to Paraguay and 

 Peini, this tooth is rather strong. — datis Frithst. (104 d) designates specimens from Mexico and Central America; datis. 

 these have this tooth weaker, the wing-contour on the whole more rounded, the upperside of the ,^ lighter, 

 more glossy yellow, and a narrower, darkened oblique band on the forewing in the $. Beneath the hindwing 

 is darker and the grey-white band, which in blomfildia extends from the upper cell-wall between the radials to 

 the distal margin, is wanting. — The larva is strongly spined, the dorsal spines much as in the following genus, 

 with whorl-shaped secondary points; the head with thick, short, tuberous horns terminating in a five-pointed 

 knob. The butterflies are common almost everywhere in tropical America, fly in many districts throughout 

 the year, rest on walls and tree-trunks and by preference frequent fruit-gardens and refuse-heaps. 



S. karwinskii Hhn. (104 d) is quite similar to the preceding species, but in the o the subapical spots knncin.skii. 

 are often (not always) strongly tinged with golden brown; the hindwing has no tooth before the anal angle and 

 its under surface is much more indefinitely marked; in particular the marking between the pu])illed eye-spot 

 and the base of the hindwing is much finer, the brown s{)ots narrowed into streaks, giving more the effect of 

 a chasing. In Mexico and Central America, locally and at times common. 



25. Genus : Pj oiiia Wiw. 



The two very closely allied butterflies belonging here somewhat recall Smyrna, but the forewing is 

 considerably more pointed. The eyes are densely haired ; on the forewing the 2nd subcostal vein arises nearly 



