462 NAPEOOLES ; ANARTIA. By Br. A. Seitz. 



the ^ above almost identical, but with stronger metaUic gloss, the band in the ^ slightly constricted below 

 the fork, the antemarginal stripe lighter and broader, and also on the hinchving the submarginal band is widened 

 and ochre-brown. The i^ on which this form was founded was taken together with a 5 of the t;\^)ical lavinia *). 

 occidentalis. A sharp separation of the western form, such as Felder attempted under the name occidentalis, is scarcely 

 tenable. $$ of this form are said to differ constantly in the broader forked band of the forewing. This band, 

 basifusca. liowever, also varies very strongly in eastern specimens even from the same district. — In ab. basifusca Wey>7i., 

 from Ecuador, the area from the base of the forewing to the large eye-spot, which stands in a light patch, 

 and the entire hindwing as far as the pale submarginal band are unicolorous dark coffee-brown. The 

 form is merely an aberration, extremely near to infuscata Fldr. (94 e), and fhes among the type-form, but appa- 

 rently only in certain definite localities. The under surface varies even more than the upper, but there seems 

 to be no regular contrast, as in India, between specimens with the under surface variegated (of the ramy season) 

 and those in which it is unicolorous or leaf-like (of the dry season). — The larva is rather stumjiy with short, 

 thick spines, dark brown or iron-grey with liglit longitudinal stripes, some of which are interrupted, the horns 

 on the head directed forwards, of moderate length ; common on Plantago, Gerardia and Antirrhinum. It occa- 

 sionally occurs in swarms on stubble-fields, commonly resting on the bare earth or on sand-heaps. The pupa 

 is light wood-brown, somewhat concave ventrally. In the tropics the butterfly flies throughout the year without 

 interruption. In the north and south it is a summer species, and sometimes congregates and migrates lilce Pijra- 

 meis cardui; these migrations take place in the United States in July, in Argentina in February. 



14. Genus: EJTapeocles Bat. 



Of this genus only a single species is yet known, which varies little and is very restricted in its 

 range. The body is strongly built, the palpus unusually long, the antenna strong, distinctly clubbed at the 

 end, the wings shaped like leaves, the forewing below the apex produced into a posteriorly directed tooth, 

 incurved below this and projecting above the anal angle. The hindwing shows a uniformly curved margin and 

 strongly produced anal angle. Characteristic is the very strongly curved costa, which leaves a comparatively 

 broad space between it and the subcostal, and also the very broad cell, which on the hindwing is open. 



jucunda. N. jucunda Hbn. (95 a), the only knpwn species, is black above with small, whitish, blue-edged subapical 



spots and broad, abbreviated, metallic blue median band, often lighter proximally. Under surface brown witli 

 leaf-hke markings. Amazons to Bolivia. 



15. Genus : Auartia Hbn. 



Medium-sized butterfhes, m habitus strongly recalhng our Vanessids, with angled wings and mostly 

 with bright wliite spots or bands on the upper surface; head small, with strongly protruding, hemispherical 

 eyes and pomted, elongate palpi ; antenna with flat, spoon-shaped club ; thorax strong, abdomen slender ; wings 

 broad, forewing as a rule, hindwing always angled ; brightly coloured. Legs long and thm. Worthy of note is 

 the anastomosis of the 1st and 2nd subcostals with the costal, also the open cells of both wings. Four species 

 are known, all very common in their respective haunts. The egg is spherical in shape, beneath flat with 9 — 11 

 narrow longitudinal ribs, which disappear towards the pole; the eggs are laid singly on the upperside of leaves. 

 The adult larvae are black, moderately spined ; the larva of one species (jatrophae) was represented as densely 

 haired, but without spines, which is no doubt to be traced to an error. 



jairophae. A. jatrophae L. (94e). White with shght mother-of-pearl gloss and sparse grey markings **), which 



are chiefly confined to round the base of the forewing, on the cell-bands and at the distal margin. In the 

 disc of the forewing one, on the hindwing two punctiform eye-spots of very varying development. The under 

 surface is dull white with fine rosy-red and orange-yellow markings, jatrophae was described from northern 

 South America, but is distributed over most of the warmer part of South America, strongly variable individually 

 (but little geogaphically), and in South Brazil is still one of the commonest butterflies. The flight is different 

 from that of the other Anartia species. The insect darts along with the wings spread out (swimming flight) 

 saturata. and gives exactly the same impression as the Indian Precis atlites (vol. IX, pi. 117 a). — saturata Stgr. is 

 tlie West Indian form, characterized by the broad yellow distal margin and tlie stronger markings. — lutei- 



luteipicta. picta Fruhsf., from Central America, has the j^eUow of the distal margin of the hmdwing sometimes extended 

 proximally across the middle of the wing, occasionally covering the whole upper surface. — The larva is said 

 to hve on Jatropha maniliot and in Sepp's figure, which seems to have been prepared with the assistance 

 of Merlan's sketch, more resembles that of a moth, corone Gosse, jamaicensis Moschl. and lutei picta Fruhst. 

 are names for forms from the Antilles or Honduras, according to the amount of the yellow suffusion. 



*) The specimen of lavinia figured from the underside at 04 d forms a transition to hilaris. 

 **) The specimen figm-ed at 94 e is a ^ with unusually copious brown markings. 



