574 AGRIAS. By H. Fruhstoefer. 



wings attains but a moderate extent. The $ resembles certain ^JJ of A. aniijdon to such an extent that I found 

 it arranged among such in the Coll. Godman. The $ stands between zenodonis Hew. and frontina Fruhst., and 

 it resembles jrontina in the colour and the course of the discal band of the forewings, though it has pale yellow 

 spots before the apex, like zenodonis. The under surface of the forewings is lighter than tliat of amydon with 

 a broader yellow apical band. In the basal area we distinctly notice a yellow tinge near the distal margin, being 

 absent in amydon. Entirely different from (nnydon. however, is the under surface of tlie hindwhigs which show 

 the greatest likeness with A. holiviensis Fruhst. described above. The bands in the cell are greatly reduced, 

 so that the yellow ground-colour is everywhere predominant, and the blue-pupilled submarginal spots, being 

 (,:or(i. fused into a broad band in amydon, stand dissolved forming a macular band interrupted by yellow. — ozora 

 subsp. nov. is the race from Peru presented by us as amydon (115 d). The fore\\ings somewhat resemble those 

 of amydonius Stgr. (115 d), but the red basal area of the forewings is reduced. The subapical spots at the apex 

 of the forewiiig are in nature not so prominent as in the figure. The hindw ings bear a discal, not subanal 

 spot as in eleonora and boliviensis. The under surface forms a transition from that of A. amydonius to 

 A. boliviensis. The forewings are more richly striped in yellow than in tlie ^^^ of amydonius, and on the 

 hind wings the eyespot -bands are more broadly spread and their components confluent in nature, not iso- 

 lated as in our figure. The name-type originates from Charapajos (Peru) and was collected in 1889 by 

 De Mathan for Ch. Oberthue. Similar specimens are in the Coll. 8taudinger from Yurimaguas (Peru), 

 besides also the fa. hrseni Fassl as a rare aberration, and furthermore specimens approximating the $ of 

 zenodorus by a remarkably large magnificent spot of the upper surface of the hindwings. They belong 

 (iiliciiciis. to the fa. athenais Fruhst. — In Bolivia the collective species is represented bj' a considerably modified 



iMlirictisis. territorial form, boliviensis i^r«/;.s;. (114 b). It agrees with eleonora by the anally dislocated discal spot of 

 the hindwings, whic-li characteristic mark may be more noteworthy than it was considered hitiierto. If by 

 the discovery of the early stages or by morphological proofs the forms with subanal blue should be entitled 

 to be considered as a proper species, they would have to be placed by the type of A. eleonora, the modified 

 under surface of which and its occurrence from Ecuador to Bolivia sets one thinking. According to Fassl, 

 amydon occin-s in Bolivia especially in the yellow form of boliviensis Fruhst. The ^^ vary in the shape of the 

 yellow spot of the forewings, but also the blue anal spot of the hindwing grows very dark violet and reduced 

 in some specimens, and Fassl does not doubt that we may also capture A. boliviensis with quite black hind- 

 wings, analogous to those of amydon of which Fassl found his form in East Colombia without any blue at 

 all, describing it as fa. larseni. The under surface of boliviensis is likewise rather variable, especially the 

 black band enclosing the row of eyespots may be increased or reduced. Another interesting fact is that nearly 

 all the boliviensis taken by Fassl on the Rio Songo before the rainy period (in October until December 1912) 

 belonged to a small pygmean or famished form, probably created by the extremely dry winter in Bolivia (the 

 dry period is May to September) of the year 1912. X^ of this collection is not larger than a respectable 

 Catagramma aegina from the same habitat, and the sole $ figured 114 b (first figure) is by more than a third 

 smaller than the two other ?$ captured after the rainy period. All the three correspond with the sole $ of 

 holiviensis known already before, in the resemblance with the (^^, thus being also decorated with large 

 l)lue anal spots of the hindwings, being therefore quite contrary to those of genuine amydon-'^'^ all of 

 ainydonidca. which exhibit not a trace of blue. — amydonides i^;«/«/. (= songoensis i^^rw/is/. being regarded but as a 

 rare red aberration of boliviensis, lay before Fassl only in 5 specimens so far; it is very rare among the 

 yellow forms and pretty well distinguishable from the aniydon-formH of otlier localities by the red band 

 being peculiar on the under surface, since its colour is exactly the intermediary between the red of genuine 

 amydon and the yellow of boliviensis. Perhaps we may succeed yet in capturing also the of it whereby its 

 alliance with A. boliviensis could be better cleared up. In judging especially the forms with a reduced 

 blue, the position of this magnificent spot of the hindwings ought to be above all decisive for the assignment 

 of the animal, for by this blue discal or anal spot of the hindwing certain forms are much more sharply 

 separated from each other than by the most variable bands of the forewings or the extremely detailed helical 

 markings of the under surface, by which for in.stance some butterflies being very different above (such as 

 amydon, amydonius and jerdinandi), are not at all to be separated from each other on the under surface. ,, Who- 

 soever, like myself, had the chance to capture personally, for instance, Agrias amydon in greater numbers and 

 at different places, will have to own that the reduced blue in the poorly-coloured varieties (muzoensis and transi- 

 tions to larseni), which finally consists only yet of a narrow longitudinal streak in the anal angle and parallel 

 to the anal margin, presupposes an entirely different development of the distribution of colours, as the blue 

 spot of Agrias lugens receding always entirely centrally (discally), however much some sa?rfart,a^aZ-M-s-specimens 



fcrdhiandl. may make the impression that the blue is chiefly distributed towards the anal." (Fassl). — ferdinandi Fruhst. 

 (115 c) deviates from all the noted am,ydon-race» by the absence of every discal spotting of the upper surface 

 of the hindwings, and is very near to being considered a proper species. Beneath it is characterized by the black 

 marking in the cell of the hindwings not forming a fork but a more plain, peculiar figure comparable to the 

 swollen ring of an earth-worm. The row of eye-spots consists of a rather loose joining. The ground-colour 

 of all the wings is deep velvety black, c^-uppcr surface: base of the forewings with a broad, intensely carmine 



